Fogler Library Finding Aids


Collection Summary
	Creator:	William S. Cohen
	Title:	William S. Cohen Papers
	Dates:	1955-2001, bulk 1972-2001
	Abstract:	Personal papers consisting of the records created by Cohen and his staff in the course of Cohen's duties as a member from Maine of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1973 to 1978, as a U.S. Senator from 1979 to 1997, and as Secretary of Defense from 1997 to 2001.
	Quantity:	1,000 linear feet
	Identification:	MS 106
	Location:	Off-site storage.

Biographical Note

Background

William S. Cohen was born on August 28, 1940 in Bangor, Maine. His father Reuben, a baker, was a Russian-Jewish immigrant and his mother, Clara, is of Irish-Protestant extraction. Cohen graduated from Bangor High School in 1958, and from Bowdoin College with an A.B. cum laude in Latin in 1962. An accomplished athlete, he was named to the Maine all-state high school and college basketball teams, and, while at Bowdoin, he was inducted into the New England All-Star Hall of Fame. In 1965, he received his LL.B cum laude from Boston University Law School and, during that same year, he became the assistant editor-in-chief of the American Trial Lawyers Association and a partner in a Bangor law firm.

Cohen was the Assistant County Attorney for Penobscot County from 1968 to 1970. In 1968, he was an instructor at Husson College in Bangor. He held an appointment as an instructor in business administration at the University of Maine from 1968 to 1972. Cohen was the vice president of the Maine Trial Lawyers Association from 1970 to 1972, and a member of the Bangor School Board from 1971 to 1972. He was a fellow at the John F. Kennedy Institute of Politics at Harvard University in 1972, and was named one of the U.S. Jaycee's ten outstanding young men in 1975.

Public Life

William Cohen was first elected to public office as a city councilor in Bangor, a position he held from 1969-1972; he was also the mayor of Bangor from 1971-1972. He was elected as a Republican to the House of Representatives in November of 1972 from Maine's Second Congressional District. This election followed an intense campaign during which he walked 600 miles across the district "to find out what is on people's minds." Walking was to become Cohen's trademark; in most of his campaigns he walked through the towns and cities he represented, talking informally with his constituents.

Cohen was elected to the Senate in 1978, when he defeated incumbent William Hathaway. During his congressional career, Cohen was known as a moderate Republican who voted his own way. He sees himself as part of a tradition of independent-minded representatives from Maine, a group including William Pitt Fessenden, who cast a deciding vote against the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson in 1868, and Margaret Chase Smith, who became one of the first members of her party to condemn McCarthyism in her 1950 Declaration of Conscience. Cohen continued this tradition of independence, but also became known as a bridge-builder between Republicans and Democrats. On the occasion of Cohen's appointment as Secretary of Defense, President Clinton noted that Cohen is a man "with a creative, independent, inquiring mind" who "is just what is needed for this team."

Cohen was appointed to a number of committees while in Congress, and two of these appointments propelled him into the center of major constitutional crises. In 1974, when Cohen was a freshman member of Congress and a member of the House Judiciary Committee, he became involved in the impeachment inquiry concerning President Nixon and his involvement with Watergate. Cohen was one of a small group of Republicans who were the first to break ranks with their party when they voted in favor of Nixon's impeachment.

Cohen became involved in a second constitutional crisis in 1986, when he was appointed to the select Senate committee formed to investigate the sale of weapons to Iran and the funneling of these proceeds to the Contra resistance movement in Nicaragua. At that time he was a member of the Select Committee on Intelligence, which had been conducting its own closed-door hearings into the scandal. Cohen was one of only three Republicans to join Democrats in signing the majority report that held President Reagan responsible for the actions of those involved in the Iran-Contra affair.

Legislative Highlights

After Watergate, Cohen became a leading Congressional advocate for more stringent ethics laws, and he has maintained an interest in government ethics throughout his career. He supported the 1978 Ethics in Government Act, which included provisions for the creation of a statutory office of independent counsel. During his years in Congress, one of Senator Cohen's major focuses was overseeing the operation of the government and fighting for policy changes. His principal platforms for this have been the Senate Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management, of which he was Chairman or ranking member from 1979-1997, and the Aging Committee, which he chaired from 1995-1997.

Cohen served on the Committee on Aging from 1975 to1997, and his numerous legislative actions on behalf of seniors included: the Nursing Home Patients Bill of Rights in 1975; ending mandatory retirement at age 65; and major legislation on long-term care insurance.

Through his service on the Governmental Affairs Committee as a member of the Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management from 1979-1997, Cohen sought policy changes aimed at making the government more effective. His efforts resulted in: simplification of Federal purchasing practices; improvement of aviation safety; and tighter control on Medicare charges.

Cohen was also a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee and the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, establishing a national reputation for thoughtful expertise on defense and intelligence issues. In 1983, he publicly introduced the idea of nuclear "build-down," a plan which would require the U.S. and the Soviet Union to eliminate one or more existing weapon for each new one deployed. Although this plan was defeated in committee, it became part of the overall U.S. arms control position. In Senate debate on the Persian Gulf crisis in 1990, Cohen was a strong and early voice insisting on executive compliance with the War Powers Act, urging President Bush to seek a vote from Congress on entry into the war.

Constituent Service

During his twenty-four years in Congress, Cohen and his staff responded to more than 50,000 requests for assistance. In addition, he received and replied to nearly two million letters regarding issues before the Congress, and traveled back to Maine more than five hundred times to meet with constituents and appear at events. In response to the needs of the people of Maine Cohen played leading roles in: helping Maine businesses and industry compete in national and world markets; settling the Indian Land Claims controversy in the late 1970's; supporting Navy Projects for Maine Facilities such as Bath Iron Works and the Brunswick Naval Air Station; and assuring the survival of dairy farmers in New England.

Secretary of Defense

William S. Cohen was sworn in as the nation's 20th Secretary of Defense on January 24, 1997. In an address before Congress on the eve of his confirmation, Cohen stated that his priorities as Secretary would be the maintenance of quality personnel, the ensurance of combat readiness, and the modernization of the nation's forces for the 21st century. He served as Secretary of Defense until January 2001 when Donald Rumsfeld was sworn in to serve with the George W. Bush administration.

President Clinton nominated Cohen for Secretary of Defense after Secretary Perry's announcement that he would retire from the position in 1996 because Clinton perceived the need for bipartisan support for the men and women serving in the military. As a Republican in a Democratic administration, Cohen brought with him to the position the respect he had garnered during a congressional career of supporting a nonpartisan national security policy. A moderate Republican, he served on both the Senate Armed Services and Governmental Affairs Committees from 1979 to 1997 and was a member of the Senate Committee on Intelligence, 1983-91 and 1995-97. He participated in the drafting of several important laws related to defense matters, including the Competition in Contracting Act (1984), the GI Bill (1984), the Goldwater-Nichols Defense Reorganization Act (1986), the Intelligence Oversight Reform Act (1991), and the Federal Acquisition Reform Act (1996).

Significant events in U.S. defense history during Cohen's tenure as Secretary of Defense included the terrorist bombing of the destroyer USS Cole in Aden, Yemen; the largest defense spending increase in 15 years; salary and housing improvements for military personnel; institution of harassment training to protect homosexuals in the military; a successful air campaign in Kosovo; NATO enlargement with three new democracies; reduced nuclear weapons in Russia; and military to military ties with China. During his tenure, Cohen achieved a smooth transition for potential computer problems at the turn of the millennium and led the move toward a high tech digital and paperless Pentagon. Cohen also accomplished the creation of the Joint Forces Command for foreign threats and the Joint Task Force for Civil Support to create a state of readiness in homeland defense for domestic threats such as terrorism. As he left office, Cohen cautioned that Russia, China, asymmetric warfare, and weapons of mass destruction were issues likely to confront incoming Bush administration national security officials.

Author

Writing has been Cohen's principal avocation for many years, and his published works include: Of Sons and Seasons(1978) , a volume of poems. Roll Call (1981), a journal of Cohen's first year in the Senate. Getting the Most Out of Washington(1982), a manual on cutting through government red tape. The Double Man(1985), written with Senator Gary Hart, a novel on international espionage and terrorism. A Baker's Nickel(1986), a second volume of poetry. Men of Zeal(1988), written with Senator George Mitchell, an account of their experience investigating the Iran-Contra affair. One-Eyed Kings(1991), a spy thriller involving Soviet and American covert actions that converge in the Middle East. Murder in the Senate(1993), a mystery written with Thomas B. Allen. Easy Prey: The Fleecing of America's Senior Citizens and How to Stop It(1995), a work of non-fiction concerning fraud and the elderly.

Return to the Table of Contents

Scope and Content Note

Summary

The William S. Cohen congressional papers consist of the records created by Cohen and his staff in the course of Cohen's duties as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1973 to 1978 and as a U.S. Senator from 1979 to 1997. They include correspondence, memos, reports, press releases, appointment calendars, speeches, voting records, photographs, videos, and memorabilia. These files document Cohen's legislative and committee-related work, the attention and services he offered to his constituents, his public relations and press activities, and the administrative activities of his office in Washington D.C. and in the six state offices in Maine. The Department of Defense documents, primarily in electronic format, include trip reports, public statements, correspondence, photographs, and videotapes from 1997-2001. Cohen's private papers, the bulk of which consist of the manuscripts for the nine books he has written, are also included.

Private Papers, 1956-1996, 33 boxes

The bulk of Cohen's private papers consist of records related to writing, Cohen's major avocation. Drafts of his poetry and manuscripts from the nine books he has written are included here, and they attest to Cohen's avid interest in writing poetry, fiction, and accounts of his own experience in Congress. The papers also document several aspects of Cohen's life and career before he entered the U.S. Congress in 1973. They include his yearbooks from Bowdoin College, where he received his A.B. cum laude in Latin in 1962, correspondence with his colleagues in the American Trial Lawyer Association, and material related to the JFK Institute of Politics where Cohen was a fellow in 1972.

U.S. House of Representatives Papers, 1972-1980, 211 .5 cu. ft. boxes

This record group consists of the files that were created by Cohen and his staff in the course of Cohen's duties as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979. They document the five major functional areas of a congressional office: a) personal/political/official, b) legislative, c) constituent services, d) press/media activities, and e) office administration. Each of these five functional areas contain records which form a series.

The personal/political/official records document Cohen's personal activities, and they consist of biographical information, scheduling records, Cohen's personal correspondence, and records from the four campaigns he conducted while he was in the House. These campaign records include brochures, voting records, position papers and newsclippings. Audiovisual campaign materials may be found with the audiovisual materials (record group 4).

The legislative records document the legislative process, and the bulk of the files contained in this series consist of Cohen's correspondence with his constituents about specific legislative issues. Also included are records related to Cohen's service on the U.S. House Judiciary Committee from 1973-1979. As a freshman member of that committee in 1974, Cohen participated in the Nixon impeachment inquiry, commonly known as the Watergate crisis. Draft articles of impeachment, Cohen's correspondence with other Judiciary Committee members, and other records which document the decision he made to vote in favor of Nixon's impeachment may be found in this series.

A number of Cohen's aides worked on legislative issues such as health, aging, the environment, and the fishing industry. Files received on these and other legislative subjects were few in number, so they have been filed with Cohen's Senate legislative papers, under the appropriate subject headings. This also includes files related to long-term Maine issues such as the controversy over the Dickey-Lincoln power plant and the Indian land claims settlement of 1980.

The constituent service records document the representative function of the Cohen office. This involves activities such as managing casework and coordinating service academy appointments. Due to the confidential nature of case work files, they were removed from the collection before it was transferred to the University of Maine. The records in this series consists of two boxes of service academy applications and screening committee records, which are arranged alphabetically according to the last name of each applicant.

Press/media records reflect the efforts of Cohen's staff to communicate with the public about Cohen, and they consist of newspaper clippings, press releases, speeches, and special mailings. Office administrative records include staff memos, general correspondence, and applications for internships in Cohen's office.

U.S. Senate Papers, 1973-1996, 1161 boxes

These records were created by Cohen and his staff in the course of Cohen's duties as a U.S. Senator from 1979 to 1996. Some of the legislative papers from Cohen's time in the House of Representatives are also included. The records in this category document the five major functional areas of a congressional office, which are the same as they are in the U.S. House of Representatives.

The personal/political/official records include Cohen's personal correspondence with Presidents Bush, Reagan, and Carter as well as other political and public figures. Records from his two Senate campaigns, the first in 1984 and the second in 1990, are also found in this series, and they consist of Cohen's voting records, position papers, and newsclippings.

The bulk of the legislative records were created by Cohen's legislative aides, who were responsible for drafting bills, and providing him with up-to-date information about pending legislation and advice on possible legislative strategies. Each aide was usually assigned to several subject areas, such as agriculture, defense, education, transportation, and the environment, and the records are organized according to these subject areas. They contain memos from aides to Cohen, copies of bills, transcripts of hearings, briefing books, and staff project files. The legislative records also reflect Cohen's service on various committees, such as the Committee on Aging, which he was a member of from 1977-1997, and the Senate committee formed to investigate the Iran-contra affair in 1987. Cohen's Iran-contra files include drafts of the questions he asked of witnesses who participated in the public hearings, advisory memos from legislative aides, and drafts of speeches and floor statements.

The constituent service records consist largely of correspondence which was handled by a Correspondence Management System (CMS), used to produce responses to individual letters from constituents. The care with which this correspondence was handled documents the priority status that constituent service was given in the Cohen office. The correspondence for each year that Cohen was in the Senate (with the exception of 1996) was microfilmed, and the microfilm copies and masters of this correspondence are included with the audio-visual materials.

The press/media records are made up of newsclippings, press releases, speeches, and documentation concerning the television show Washington Perspective which Cohen participated in with Sen. George Mitchell. Video and audiocassette tapes of Cohen on television talk shows and on the Senate floor can be found with the audiovisual materials.

The office administrative records include travel itineraries, an office policy manual, staff memos, and administrative reports.

Audiovisual Materials, 73 boxes and 63 reels

Records in this group encompass Cohen's career in both the U.S. House and the U.S. Senate. Included here are over 600 videocassette recordings of Cohen's speeches, television interviews, his own radio and television broadcasts, and his statements from the floor of the House and the Senate. Audiocassette tapes, microfilm, reel-to-reel tapes and other audiovisual materials, created to communicate information about issues and events with which Cohen was involved, are also found in this series. Much of this material was generated for the four campaigns Cohen waged during his term in the House, as well as his Senate campaigns of 1984 and 1990.

Photographs and Memorabilia, 120 linear ft.

Photographs of Cohen with family members, constituents, and VIPs, as well as several hundred negatives which were taken by the Senate Photo Studio are found in this series, as well as plaques, framed photographs, trophies, honorary degrees, and other objects that were given to Cohen as tokens of esteem from constituents, universities, corporations, and other institutions.

Department of Defense, 1996-2001, 5 GB (16 CD-ROM disks) and 6 boxes of videotapes

Secretary Cohen's papers from the Office of the Secretary of Defense consist of files kept in the office for reference purposes; official federal records created by Cohen and the staff at the Pentagon are retained by the DOD and by the National Archives. Cohen's DOD papers are copies of unclassified documents. The records in this group are divided into five series: official correspondence, trips, public statements, conferences/hearings/special events, photographs, and news.

The official correspondence series consists of a variety of letters to and from congressional leaders, other cabinet offices, and heads of state as well as reports to Congress and the President; staff memos regarding scheduling and suggested talking points for meetings; and related reference material such as President Clinton's speeches and detailed Congressional committee reports on defense matters. This is the only series of material generally not available the public in other forms.

Trip materials include itineraries, points of contact, speeches, statement alternatives, background papers, talking points, and reference materials for the specific visits and meetings organized by country or location. Photographs of travel are in the photographs series.

Public statements include transcripts of speeches, interviews, press conferences, and congressional testimony; text of reports, announcements, and news articles; press advisories and correspondent memoranda; and copies of related correspondence. This material is duplicated in seven bound volumes provided by the Historical Office, Office of the Secretary of Defense.

The series titled conferences/hearings/special events covers activities of the Office of Secretary of Defense that were treated separately from other functions. Files generated by Cohen's congressional confirmation hearings for the Secretary's position, the 1997 Kassebaum Report on Gender Integrated Training and Related Issues in the military, preparation for hearings in the Armed Services and Appropriations Committees in Congress, and Y2K readiness are included.

The photographs, nearly 3,000 images, document diplomatic meetings with the Secretary hosting heads of state visiting this country, Secretary and Mrs. Cohen during foreign visits at ceremonies or visiting the troops, and Secretary Cohen with important public figures in this country, either at meetings or social events. These jpeg images taken by Department of Defense photographers are identified in most cases.

The news files are items prepared by the American Forces Information Service on behalf of DOD staff for daily information on world events. Contents are organized by date and by branch of service and topic within each date. Press releases from the Pentagon are included.

The records in this group are divided into five series: official correspondence, trips, public statements, conferences/hearings/special events, photographs, and news. Each series has a corresponding notebook with a hard copy of the Main Menu along with contents for each CD in the series. The photographs are JPEG images of official events including award ceremonies, meetings with dignitaries, and travel. The news files are primarily the research gathered on behalf of DoD staff for daily information on world events.

Return to the Table of Contents


Organization of the Records
	Organized into the following six record groups: Private Papers, 1956-1996; U.S. House of Representatives, 1972-1980; U.S. Senate, 1973-1996; Audiovisual materials, 1972-1997; Photos and memorabilia, 1955-1997; and Department of Defense, 1996-2001.

Return to the Table of Contents

Arrangement of the Records

Original order maintained wherever possible, series and sub-series alphabetical by function or staff member and chronological within the sub-series. U.S. Senate and U.S. House record groups are each arranged into the following five series: Personal/Political/Official, Constituent Service, Legislative, Press/Media, and Office Administration. Audiovisual materials and photos and memorabilia cover Cohen's House and Senate years combined as they were interfiled in this manner by staff.

The papers are arranged in folders in 1/2 cubic foot boxes, except where format requires oversized boxes.

Return to the Table of Contents

Restrictions

Restrictions on Access

Multi-media, press, public statements, most campaign materials, and most U.S. House of Representatives files open for research; restrictions apply to some campaign and U.S. House files along with many Department of Defense, U.S. Senate and private papers. For series and subseries with restrictions, details are included in the scope and content note at that level of the finding aid.

Restrictions on Use

Contact repository in advance for research appointment.

Return to the Table of Contents


Index Terms

	Names:
		William S. Cohen
	Organizations:
		United States. Congress - Ethics
	Subjects:
		Aging - United States
		International relations
		Iran-Contra Affair, 1985-1990
		National security - United States
		Political ethics - United States
		Watergate Affair, 1972-1974
		Watergate Trial, Washington, D.C., 1973
	Places:
		United States - Military policy

Return to the Table of Contents

Related Material

National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C. has related records created during Cohen's career in Congress and the Department of Defense.

Return to the Table of Contents

Administrative Information

Custodial History

Papers transferred directly from the Donor's custody after his retirement from the Senate in 1997. Dept. of Defense files transferred when Donor left Secretary of Defense office in early 2001.

Preferred Citation

William S. Cohen Papers (MS 106), Fogler Library Special Collections, University of Maine, Orono.

Acquisition Information

The collection arrived at the Raymond H. Fogler Library in December, 1996. Packed in record storage boxes and accompanied by a paper index created by archivist Jane Odom, the papers totaled approximately 1300 cubic feet. Most of the records were from Cohen's congressional offices in Washington D.C., but approximately thirty boxes were from his state offices in Maine. Most of the personnel files, routine administrative records, and case files, which include correspondence with federal agencies on behalf of individual constituents, were removed from the collection before it was transferred to the University of Maine.

Processing Information

In 1998, archivist Frances O'Donnell appraised the collection and then devised an organizational scheme for it, based on standard archival principles and current theory and practice within the congressional archives field. The boxes were already organized according to general categories suggested by Senate archivist Karen Paul in the1992 editions of The Documentation of Congress, and Records Management Handbook for U.S. Senators and Their Archival Repositories. These two books provided guidelines for the further processing of the collection.

Return to the Table of Contents

Other Finding Aids

Finding aid on the internet at http://www.library.umaine.edu/cohen series-level control and in the repository box-level control.

Return to the Table of Contents

Detailed Description of the Records

MS 106.1 Private Papers, 1956-1996, 33 boxes.

The papers in this category were not created as a result of William Cohen's official duties in the U.S. Congress. Rather, they were created in the course of his personal and public life, and contain many of his reflections on his life, family and career. They consist of two series, which are personal and professional records, 1956-1977, and book material, 1975-1996.

Access to records in the Private Papers record group is restricted. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

MS 106.1.1 Personal and Professional Records, 1956-1997, 2 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically, by subject. Consists of drafts of Cohen's published and unpublished poetry, family notes and records, and material documenting aspects of Cohen's career before he entered the U.S. Congress in 1973. This latter category includes Cohen's yearbooks from Bowdoin College where he earned an A.B. cum laude in Latin in 1962, and material related to the JFK Institute of Politics where Cohen was a fellow in 1972. From 1965 to 1966, Cohen was assistant editor-in-chief for the Journal of the American Trial Lawyers Association, and correspondence with his colleagues in that organization is included here. Cohen was named one of the ten outstanding young men of 1975 by the U.S. Jaycees, and material related to that honor is also found in this series.

Access to records in this series is restricted. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

MS 106.1.2 Book Material, 1975-1996, 31 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically by title of book. Between 1978 and 1995, William Cohen authored the nine books listed below. This series consists of the manuscripts for these books which document the revision process they went through. Accompanying correspondence from publishers, notes from friends and colleagues, newspaper clippings and reviews of the books are also found in this series. The books are: Of Sons and Seasons (1978), a volume of poems; Roll Call (1981), a journal of Cohen's first year in the Senate; Getting the Most Out of Washington (1982), a manual on cutting through government red tape; The Double Man (1985), written with Senator Gary Hart, a novel on international espionage and terrorism; A Baker's Nickel (1986), a second volume of poetry; Men of Zeal (1988), written with Senator George Mitchell, an account of their experience investigating the Iran-Contra affair; One-Eyed Kings (1991), a spy thriller involving Soviet and American covert actions that converge in the Middle East; Murder in the Senate (1993), a mystery written with Thomas B. Allen; and Easy Prey: The Fleecing of America's Senior Citizens and How to Stop It (1995), a work of non-fiction concerning fraud and the elderly.

Access to the records in this series is restricted. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

MS 106.1.2.1 A Baker's Nickel, 1986, 2 boxes.

MS 106.1.2.2 Double Man, 1982-1985, 8 boxes.

MS 106.1.2.3 Easy Prey, 1995, 1 box.

MS 106.1.2.4 Getting the Most Out of Washington, 1982, 1 box.

MS 106.1.2.5 Men of Zeal, 1988, 3 boxes.

MS 106.1.2.6 Murder in the Senate, 1993, 1 box.

MS 106.1.2.7 Of Sons and Seasons, 1978, 1 box.

MS 106.1.2.8 One Eyed Kings, 1991, 5 boxes.

MS 106.1.2.8 Roll Call: One Year in the Life of a Senator, 1981, 4 boxes.

MS 106.1.2.9 Book Clippings, 1975-1996, 3 boxes.

MS 106.1.2.10 Coalition Group, 1974-75, 2 boxes.

Return to the Table of Contents

MS 106.2 U.S. House of Representatives, 1972-1980, 211 boxes.

In November 1972, William S. Cohen was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from Maine's second congressional district. He was re-elected to the House in 1974 and again in 1976. Representative Cohen's office was in the Cannon Building in Washington, D.C. The activities in this office were organized into four main areas: administration, legislation, constituent service and press/media activities. The records described here were created by Cohen and his staff while he was in the House, and they reflect these four basic areas of activity, plus Cohen's personal and political activities. The series are: Personal/Political/Official Records, 33 boxes; Constituent Services Records, 2 boxes; Legislative Records, 151 boxes; Press Relations/Media Activities Records, 16 boxes; and Office Administration Records, 8 boxes.

Members of Cohen's staff included: administrative assistants Michael Harkins and Thomas Daffron; legislative assistants Fred Gants, Bobbie McCarthy, Thomas Heyerdahl, Susan Collins, Michael Hastings, Cynthia Hilton, and Jean Streeter; casework Sally Lounsbury, David Clough and Helen Lyons; press assistants Mark Harroff, Richard Fallon, and Thomas Bright; personal secretaries Betty (Driver) Barrett, Linda Craig, Jill Gibson, and Cynthia Whiteman; and other assistants Joseph Kieffer, Pamela Barker, Anne Burfield, Edward Simeone, Mary Pat Lennon, Robert Tyrer, and Carol Hicks.

Cohen also maintained three district offices in Maine while he was in the House. Members of the Bangor district office staff were Dale Gerry, Jacqueline McDermott, Dawn Hart, and Kim Corthell. Christian Potholm, Jane Titcomb, David Clough, Judith Gleason, Helen Kent, David Ault, and Nancy Holmes were assigned to the Lewiston office. The only other district office at that time was located in Presque Isle staffed by Jane Johnson. There are no records from the district offices represented in Cohen's papers from the U.S. House of Representatives.

Access to some records in the U.S. House record group is restricted. See information at the series and subseries level. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

MS 106.2.1 Personal/Political/Official Records, 1973-79, 33 boxes.

This series documents the activities of Cohen and his staff that are not directly related to legislative activities or constituent service, but are nonetheless part of the routine of every officeholder. Maintaining biographical information, scheduling meetings, and coordinating campaign files are some of the activities documented in the records here. The bulk of the files in this series were handled by Cohen's personal secretaries, who were Betty (Driver) Barrett, Linda Craig, Jill Gibson, and Cynthia (Whiteman) Waters. The files are organized into five sub-series: a) general files, b) campaign records, c) personal correspondence, d) accepted invitations, and e) membership files.

General files, 1973-1978, 3 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Biographical information, financial disclosure forms, guest books, schedules, and calendars are found in this subseries, as well as Cohen's personal notes about his experiences as a member of Congress. Cohen's schedules record daily events such as committee meetings, press conferences, and meetings with groups and individuals. Cohen launched a "Citizens' Hour" program which was designed to give his constituents an opportunity to talk informally with him about their concerns during scheduled office hours held in district offices and town halls. This was an unusual outreach effort for that time, and Cohen's schedules include appointments for many "Citizens' Hour" sessions held throughout Maine.

American Notes Box 1, 1973-1978.

Schedules Box 2, 1973-1978.

Subject files, Warren Conference Box 3, 1973-1978.

Campaign Records, 1972-1978, 17 boxes.

Arranged chronologically according to each campaign, and then alphabetically within each campaign. Cohen was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in November, 1972, defeating his Democratic opponent Elmer H. Violette. He won his seat in the House again in 1974 when he ran against Mark Gartley, and in 1976 when his opponent was Democrat Leighton Cooney. In 1978, he ran for a seat in the U.S. Senate, and defeated incumbent Democrat William D. Hathaway with 57 percent of the vote to Hathaway's 34 percent. Cohen's campaign chairman for all of his campaigns in the House and in the Senate was Lewis Vafiades, a lawyer from Bangor, Maine. Cohen considered running for the Senate in 1976 against Edmund Muskie, but decided against it, and information about that decision is included here. The bulk of this subseries consists of files from Cohen's campaign for the U.S. Senate in 1978. Records from this campaign, and from his campaigns of 1972, 1974, and 1976 include correspondence, interest group mailings, strategy papers, position papers, research reports and studies, and voting records and analyses. Campaign records are also found in the audiovisual series in the form of tapes and films of television commercials, interviews, and speeches. The photo and memorabilia series also contain campaign materials in the form of posters, bumper stickers, buttons, photographs, etc.

Access to some of the records in the Campaign series is restricted. See information at the subseries level. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

General, 1972-1976, 3 boxes.

Box

1972.

Box

2 and 3

1974 Folders.

Administrative Files, 1974.

Administrative Notes and Correspondence 2 folders, 1974.

General Brochures, 1974.

Budget, 1974.

Fund Raising, 1974.

Miscellaneous, 1974.

Newspaper Articles, 1974.

Poll Data, 1974.

Press Releases, 1974.

Maine Statewide Study, 1974.

Research: Cohen vs. Gartley 4 folders, 1974.

Campaign: Vol. 1 (Strategies) 3 folders, 1974.

Campaign: Vol. 2 (Strategies) 4 folders, 1974.

Strategy Papers, 1974.

Political File 2 folders, 1974.

Visits to Maine, 1974.

Voting Record Analysis on Labor 2 folders, 1974.

Box

4 and 5

1976 Folders.

Advertising, 1976.

Administrative Corr., 1976.

Congressional Report, 1976.

Consultant Report, 1976.

Financial Law, 1976.

Fund Raising, 1976.

Muskie vs. Cohen, 1976.

Political Action Committee, 1976.

Position Papers, Statements, 1976.

Maine Statewide Study 3 folders, 1976.

Maine 1st Congressional District, 1976.

General Information, 1976.

Stationary, 1976.

Strategy Papers, 1976.

T.V. Spots, 1976.

Voting Record Analysis, Consumer 2 folders, 1976.

Voting Record Analysis, Defense, 1976.

Voting Record Analysis, Education, 1976.

Voting Record Analysis, Environment, 1976.

Voting Record Analysis, Farm/Rural, 1976.

Voting Record Analysis, Labor 2 folders, 1976.

Cohen Voting Record 2 folders, 1976.

Voting Record Analysis, Misc., 1976.

Voting Record Analysis, Business, 1976.

Voting Record Analysis, Cohen, 1976.

Walk, Thank-You's 2 folders, 1976.

Box

Biography clippings, 1978, 1 box.

Box

Complaint for Fair Campaign and Correspondence, 1978.

Complaint for Fair Campaign Practices Code, 1978, 3 folders.

Correspondence, 1978.

July 1977-Dec. 1977, 1978, 2 folders.

Feb. 1976-Jan. 1977, 1976.

June-Dec. 1977, 1978.

Jan-Apr. 1978, 1978, 2 folders.

Box

Debates, Financial Info., 1978, 1 box.

Debates, 1978.

Endorsements, 1978.

Hathaway Campaign Spending Reports, 1978, 2 folders.

Campaign Contributions, 1978.

FEC Reports, Hathaway, 1978.

FEC Reports, Expenditures, 1978, 2 folders.

Cohen for Senator Committee, 1978.

Cohen for Senator Committee: Budget, 1978.

Executive Finance Committee File, 1978.

Cohen Report of Receipts and Expenditures, 1978.

Gahagan Candidate, 1978.

Newscripts re: Gahagan, 1978.

Box

Interest group mailings and related, 1978, 1 box.

Autodealers mailings, 1978.

Conservationists for Cohen, 1978.

Dear Island Residents, 1978.

Cohen opposes Dickey-Lincoln flyers, 1978.

Educators for Cohen, 1978.

Elderly Handbill, 1978.

Farmers for Cohen, 1978.

Fisherman for Cohen, 1978.

Law Enforcement Officers for Cohen, 1978.

Physicians for Cohen, 1978.

Portland Endorsements, 1978.

Senior Citizens for Cohen, 1978.

Small Business for Cohen, 1978.

Sportsmen for Cohen, 1978.

Teacher's Flyer, 1978.

Various Mailings, 1978.

Veterans for Cohen, 1978.

Women's Flyer, 1978.

Working people for Cohen, 1978.

York County Endorsements, 1978.

"Grand Ole Party" Invite, 1978.

Various Flyers, 1978.

Interest Group Ratings, 1978, 3 folders.

Media Correspondence, 1978, 2 folders.

Box

10-11

Media-Newsclips, 1978, 2 boxes.

Cohen for Senator Releases, 1978, 2 folders.

Aug-78, 1978.

Sep-78, 1978, 4 folders.

Oct.-78, 1978, 6 folders.

Nov-78, 1978, 4 folders.

Newsletters, 1978.

WSC Newspaper Endorsements, 1978.

Box

12-16

Polling material-Position papers, 1978, 5 boxes.

Polling Material, 1978.

Cohen Record: Vol. 1, 1978, 5 folders.

Cohen Record: Vol. 2, 1978, 3 folders.

Position Papers, 1978, 3 folders.

Cohen Congressional Index, 1978, 3 folders.

Position Papers; Statements, 1978, 2 folders.

Position: Abortion, Agriculture, 1978.

Hathaway Position Papers, 1978, 2 folders.

Position: Defense, 1978.

Position: Economy, 1978.

Position: Educ-Elderly, 1978.

Position: Election Reform, 1978.

Energy, 1978, 2 folders.

Environment, 1978.

Ethics, 1978.

Fed-State Relations, 1978.

Foreign Policy, 1978.

Forestry-Government, 1978.

Health, 1978, 2 folders.

Housing, 1978.

Indian Affairs, 1978.

Labor, 1978.

Public Works, 1978.

Small Business, 1978.

Tax Policy, 1978.

Trade-Transportation, 1978.

Veterans-Women, 1978.

Agr-Ethics, 1978.

Fed-Veterans, 1978.

Hathaway Campaign Brochures, 1978.

Hathaway Clippings, 1978, 2 folders.

Hathaway Congressional Record, 1978.

Hathaway Sponsored Laws, 1978.

Ralph Nader Congress Project, 1978.

Hathway Quotes, 1978.

Consultant Reports, 1978.

Maine Statewide Study, 1978, 4 folders.

Box

Research reports and studies, 1978, 1 box.

Maine Statewide Study, 1978, 4 folders.

Senate Candidates Questionaire, 1978.

Speech Nuggets, Cohen, 1978.

Stationary and Envelopes, 1978.

Strategy Papers, 1978, 2 folders.

Voting Record, 1978.

Voting Studies: 1965-66, 1965-66.

Voting Studies: 1967-1968, 1967-68.

Voting Studies: 1969-1970, 1969-1970.

Voting Studies: 1971-1972, 1971-1972.

Voting Studies: 1975-1976, 1975-1976.

Voting Results, 1978.

Personal Correspondence, 1973-1978, 5 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically, by last name of correspondent. Contains Cohen's correspondence with friends, colleagues, VIPs, and political organizations, such as the Republican National Committee. Letters of recommendation written by Cohen on behalf of others, and letters of congratulations to him on his election victories are also found in this subseries.

Personal Correspondence Box 1 A-F, 1973-1978.

Personal Correspondence Box 2 G-M, 1973-1978.

Personal Correspondence Box 3 M-R, 1973-1978.

Personal Correspondence Box 4 S-Z, 1973-1978.

Personal Correspondence Box 5 Letter of Congratulations, 1973-1978.

Accepted Invitations, 1973-1978, 5 boxes.

Arranged chronologically by year, and then by month. Cohen received many invitations to appear at a variety of events both within the state of Maine and throughout the nation. The invitations which Cohen accepted, which shaped his daily, weekly, and monthly schedules, are found here.

Membership Files, 1973-1979, 3 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically by name of organization. Cohen was a member of a number of organizations and committees, such as the Maine Congressional Delegation (composed in 1975 of U.S. Senators Edward Muskie and William Hathaway, and U.S. Representatives Cohen and David Emery), the Unity College Board of Trustees, and the Governing Board of Bowdoin College. Files from these memberships are included here, and they consist of minutes of meetings, correspondence, memos and reports. Cohen was also a member of the Republican Committee on Committees, and files in this subseries document the manner in which Republicans were selected for various U.S. House committees. Cohen's requests to Gerald Ford, then chairman of this committee, for certain committee appointments, and letters from Cohen's colleagues requesting his support for committee appointments may be found in this subseries.

Box

Congressional Fellowship Program, 1976-1977.

Bar Memberships, 1976-1977.

Boston University Law School Alumni, 1977.

Downtown Bangor Association, 1978.

Bowdoin College Membership, 1975-1979, 5 folders.

Bowdoin College, 1975-1979, 2 folders.

Box

Bowdoin College, 1975-1979.

Capitol Hill Club, 1977.

Membership Files; Committee 1, 1973-1974.

Membership Files; Committe 2, 1973-1974.

House Wednesday Group, 1973-1978, 2 folders.

Congressional Delegation Members Meeting, 1975, 12 folders.

Box

Congressional Delegation Members Meeting, 1975, 4 folders.

Members of Congress for Peace through Law, 1973-1975.

New England Congressional Caucus, 1975-1977.

Patterson School Of Diplomacy and Intn'l Commerce, 1975.

Poland Springs Preservation Committee, 1977.

The Ripon Society, 1977.

Unity College, 1975-1977, 4 folders.

Unity College Board of Trustees, 1979.

Constituent Service Records, 1972-1979, 2 boxes.

The constituent service function covers activities such as answering constituent mail, managing casework, and coordinating service academy appointments. Sally Lounsbury was the principal staff assistant involved with managing constituent services in the Cohen office from 1974-1997.

This series consists of two boxes of service academy applications and screening committee records. The applications are arranged alphabetically according to the last name of each applicant. Cohen was responsible for nominating high school students from the second district in Maine to the U.S. Naval, Air Force, Military and Merchant Marine Academies. Applications to the academies include photographs, letters of recommendation, transcripts, and Cohen's correspondence with the candidates. In 1973, Cohen created an Academy Screening Committee to assist him with these nominations, and correspondence and reports from this committee are also found in this series. Casework involves working with federal agencies on behalf of individual constituents, so therefore casework files are confidential in nature, and most of them were removed from Cohen's papers before they were transferred to the University of Maine.

Military Applications, A-Z; Academy Screening Records and Correspondence, 1973-1976, 2 boxes.

Legislative Records, 1972-1980, 152 boxes.

While in the House of Representatives, Cohen was a member of committees on Aging, Merchant Marine and Fisheries, Judiciary, and Small Business. Cohen's files related to his service on the Judiciary Committee are found in this series, as is a large volume of correspondence from constituents dealing with legislative topics. General records, which consist of Cohen's voting record, bill digests and memos, and a small group of files referred to as "Maine Affairs," are also included here.

Several of Cohen's assistants worked on committee-related issues, as well as general legislative issues such as health, energy, the environment, etc. Since the University of Maine did not receive many files created by Cohen's legislative staff while he was in the House, the ones that were received have been filed in the U.S. Senate legislative series, under the appropriate subject headings. This includes files related to Cohen's other committee appointments dealing with aging, fisheries, and small business issues, as well as legislation and projects which covered Cohen's tenure in both the House and the Senate, such as the controversy over the Dickey-Lincoln power plant on the St. John River, and the Maine Indian land claims settlement of 1980. The records included here are divided into three main subseries, which are a) general records, b) legislative correspondence, and c) U.S. House Judiciary Committee Records.

General Records, 1972-1980, 6 boxes.

The bulk of these files were maintained by Cynthia Hilton. The records in this category fall into four general areas:

General Files, 1973-1978, 1 box.

Arranged alphabetically. Files in this category consist of legislative memos, Cohen's legislative profile, Congressional Record inserts, and legislative digests. The digests are arranged chronologically by month, and contain information about legislative initiatives taken up by the House during 1978. There is also a legislative issues index, which provides Cohen's position on a number of issues.

Cohen Congressional Issues Index, 1975-78, 2 folders.

Cohen Insertions in Congressional Records, 1974.

Miscellaneous Legislative Items, 1977.

Bilingual Education, 1977-78.

Legislative Digest: 95th Congress, 1978, 4 folders.

Squaw Mountain Corporation, 1970.

Bill Digests, 1973-1978, 1 box.

Arranged chronologically by year, and then by month. Includes summaries of bills before Congress, committee actions taken, amendments, commentaries, and memos.

Feb-May, 1975.

June-October, 1975.

Nov-December, 1975.

Jan.-April, 1976.

May-July, 1976.

Aug.-Sept., 1976.

Feb-May, 1977.

June-Sept., 1977.

Oct.-Dec., 1977.

93rd and 94th Congress, 1973-74.

95th Congress 1st Session, 1977-78.

Bill Digests, 1973-1978, 1 box.

Arranged chronologically by year, and then by month. Includes summaries of bills before Congress, committee actions taken, amendments, commentaries, and memos.

Maine Affairs, 1972-1974, 3 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Includes files on a variety of legislative issues important to the people of Maine, such as the potato industry, immigration, Franco-Americans, housing, and native Americans. Files include correspondence with constituents, Maine officials, elected representatives both in Maine and in the Federal government, and reports and recommendations.

Box

A-M

Agriculture, 1973.

Agriculture Advisory Committee, 1974.

Canadian Bound Neighbors, 1974.

Community Mental Health, 1973.

Customs, 1974.

Economy, 1972.

Economy, 1972-1973.

Education, 1972-1974.

Franco-Americans, 1973-1977.

Franco-Americans, 1977.

French Americans, 1974.

Great Northern, 1973-1974.

Growth, 1973.

Health and Welfare, 1973-1974.

Health, Education, and Welfare Programs, 1972-1973.

Home, 1973.

Immigration, 1973-74.

Indians, 1972-1974.

Maine General, 1974.

Maine State Housing Authority, 1973-1974.

Maine State Legislation, 1973-1974.

Moosehorn Nat'l Wildlife Refugee, 1973-1974.

Muskie, 1974.

Box

N-R

Natural Resource, 1972.

New England Congressional Caucus, 1973-1974.

New England Power Pool, 1973-1974.

New England Regional Commission, 1973-1974.

Oceanus, 1972-1974.

Olsen Home, 1973.

Pine Tree Legal Assistance, 1973.

Potato Future, 1973-1974, 2 folders.

Power Authority, 1973-1974.

Presidential Classroom, 1973.

Railroad, 1973.

Regional Medical Program, 1973.

Regional Planning, 1973.

Republican State Committee, 1973.

Rural Health Project, 1971-1974.

Box

R-W

Rural Isolated Child Project, 1972-1973.

Rural Youth Corps, 1973.

Shapiro Brothers Shoe Company, 1973.

Ship Industry, 1973.

Shoe Industry, 1973.

Social Services, 1973.

Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area, 1971-1974.

State of Maine, 1972-1975, 2 folders.

Taxes, 1973.

University of Maine, 1973.

Upward Bound, 1973.

Veterans, 1973-1974.

White Mountains Wilderness, 1973, 3 folders.

Voting Record, 1973-1978, 1 box.

Arranged chronologically by year, and then by month. Gives the daily roll call record of the members of Congress, plus short summaries of bills, resolutions, and acts, and a record of Cohen's vote on each of these legislative items.

Jan-December, 1973, 2 folders.

Jan-December, 1974, 2 folders.

Jan-December, 1975, 2 folders.

Jan-December, 1976, 2 folders.

Jan-December, 1977, 2 folders.

Jan-December, 1978.

Legislative Correspondence, 1973-1978, 104 boxes.

Arranged chronologically by year, then alphabetically by subject within each year. Each constituent's original letter is filed with a copy of Cohen's response. Topics covered include the economy, education, the elderly, defense, agriculture, and the environment. The views of his constituents expressed in this correspondence were an important factor in legislative decisions Cohen made while he was in the House. A number of letters concerning the Nixon impeachment inquiry of 1974, which Cohen was involved with as a freshman member of the House Judiciary Committee, are also found here. These letters express strong feelings, both pro and con, about the possibility of Nixon's impeachment due to his involvement with the Watergate scandal. Cohen's responses to these letters reveal his commitment to resolving the issue in a fair and non-partisan manner.

Judiciary Committee Records, 1969-1980, 42 boxes.

Cohen was a member of the U.S. House Judiciary Committee from 1973-1979. The papers in this section are concerned with issues, which were under the jurisdiction of this committee, and they include Cohen's papers from the Nixon impeachment inquiry of 1974. This inquiry was conducted due largely to what has become known as the Watergate scandal. On June 17, 1972, five men broke into the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate Hotel in Washington, D.C. They were arrested and charged with burglary and wiretapping. Former White House aide E. Howard Hunt, Jr., and G. Gordon Liddy, who was the general counsel for the Committee for the Re-election of the President, were also arrested. Nixon denied any involvement in this break-in, but he was later implicated in the cover-up. During the course of the impeachment inquiry articles of impeachment were drafted by William Cohen and other members of the House Judiciary Committee. These articles were passed, and, rather than face almost certain impeachment, Nixon announced his resignation on August 8, 1974. The U.S. House Judiciary Committee records are arranged into seven groupings: a) general files, b) the Gerald R. Ford vice presidential confirmation records, c) the Richard M. Nixon impeachment inquiry records, d) the Nelson A. Rockefeller vice presidential confirmation records, e) newsman's privilege, f) speedy trial, and g) women's rights.

General Files, 1972-1976, 1 box.

Arranged alphabetically. Includes committee correspondence and memos, and documentation on some issues brought before the Judiciary Committee, such as the Black Powder Bill, and the establishment of rules of evidence for certain courts and proceedings (H.R. 5463).

"Freund, Paul, transcript of press conference", 1972.

Black Powder Bill, 1974.

D.C Representatives, 1972-76.

Lindbergh Kidnapping Act and proposed amendments, n.d..

Memos and reports, 1973-74.

Rules of Evidence, 1973-74.

Rules of Evidence, 1972-76, 3 folders.

Gerald R. Ford Vice Presidential Confirmation Records, 1973-1974, 2 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. In October of 1973, Vice President Spiro T. Agnew resigned due to charges leveled against him concerning extortion, bribery, and income-tax evasion. President Nixon nominated Gerald R. Ford to be Vice President after Agnew's resignation. Records include transcripts of proceedings, newsclippings, and background information concerning the House Judiciary Committee investigation and confirmation of Ford's nomination.

"Nomination of Gerald Ford, WSC notes", 1973.

Application of 25th Amendment to Vacancies of Office, 1973.

Gerald Ford reports, 1974.

Gerald Ford reports, n.d..

Information re: nomination of Ford to Vice President, 1973, 3 folders.

Information re: nomination of Ford to Vice President, n.d..

Newspaper clippings: nomination of Gerald Ford, 1973.

Report of Nomination Proceedings, n.d..

Report of Nomination Proceedings, 1973, 2 folders.

Box

Arthur Fletcher re: Gerald Ford, 1973.

Clarence Mitchell re: Gerald Ford, 1973.

Dr. Maurice Dawkins re: Gerald Ford, 1973.

Edward Boland re: Gerald Ford, 1973.

Excerpted Portions of transcripts, 1973.

Index of Rockefeller Nomination Hearings, 1973.

James Carson re: Gerald Ford, 1973.

Michael Harrington re: Gerald Ford, 1973.

Report of Nomination Proceedings, 1973, 2 folders.

Statement by Gerald Ford, 1973.

Transcript of Nomination Proceedings, 1973, 4 folders.

William Bittman re: Gerald Ford, 1973.

Richard M. Nixon Impeachment Inquiry Records (i.e., Watergate), 1969-1974, 32 boxes.

Arranged into two broad categories: a) subject files and b) statements of information on the impeachment inquiry. The subject files are arranged alphabetically, and they include draft articles of impeachment, newsclippings, Cohen's statements from the hearings, drafts of his speeches, his notes and correspondence, journal articles, Grand Jury material, files on the historical and legal aspects of impeachment and the role of the special prosecutor, and the stenographer's minutes of the hearings. The statements of information, which were supplied by the impeachment inquiry staff to every member of the Judiciary Committee, are annotated by Cohen and include material on events prior to and following the Watergate break-in, the ITT antitrust case, and domestic surveillance activities.

Impeachment Inquiry Subject Files, 1969-1975, 16 boxes.

Amendments offered, n.d..

Article Specifications, n.d..

Failure to Comply with Subpoenas, n.d..

President's Response to Committee Subpoenas, 1974.

Articles of Impeachment, 1974.

Articles of Impeachment, n.d., 2 folders.

Draft Articles of Impeachment, n.d..

Proposed Articles of Impeachment, n.d., 5 folders.

Views on Articles of Impeachment, n.d..

Debate on Articles of Impeachment, 1974.

Clippings, 1969-1974, 5 folders.

Articles about Watergate, 1975-92.

WSC Impeachment Statements, 1973-4, 5 folders.

Draft of Statement re: Spiro Agnew, n.d..

Draft of Statement re: Washington Post article, n.d..

Notes re: impeachment, n.d. , 5 folders.

The Mad Hatter of Watergate, 1973.

Draft impeachment speech for lecture circuit, n.d..

Correspondence w/ Congress members, 1973, 2 folders.

"Correspondence w/ corps, societies, etc.", 1973-75.

Impeachment Correspondence, 1974, 4 folders.

Letters and memoranda of Grand Jury material, n.d..

Brief for Richard M. Nixon, 1973.

Box

Impeachment, 1973.

High Crimes and Misdemeanors pamphlet, n.d..

Inquiry of CIA involvement in Watergate, 1973.

Standard of Proof for Voting, 1974.

Can a President be indicted prior to conviction on impeachment?, n.d..

High Crimes and Misdemeanors, 1974.

David Dennis memo, 1974.

Justice Department memo, 1974, 4 folders .

Impeachment- Selected Materials, 1973, 2 folders.

Justice Department memo, 1973, 2 folders.

Footnotes, n.d..

Hind's Precedents, n.d..

Constitutional Ground for Presidential Impeachment, 1974.

Impeachment Inquiry: Its meaning, n.d..

White House Staff and Campaign Organizations, 1974.

President's Responsibility for Subordinate Acts, n.d..

Impeachable Offense, 1973.

Memo on Historical origins of impeachment, 1973.

Impeachment of Andrew Johnson, 1974.

Respondent's Rights before Impeachment Committee, 1974.

Constitutional Standard for Presidential Impeachment, 1974, 3 folders.

Paul Sarbanes Impeachable Conduct, 1974.

"Possible Grounds for Impeachment", 1973.

Congressional Conference, 1973.

"Constiutional Law-Separation of Powers", n.d..

Box

Peter Rodino re: expansion of staff activities, 1973.

Rules for Impeachment Inquiry Staff, n.d..

Brief History of Nixon Impeachment Inquiry, 1974.

John Doar Memorandum, 1974, 2 folders.

Work of Impeachment Staff as of 2/5/74, 1974, 2 folders.

Summary of Inquiry Activities, 1974.

Impeachment Inquiry Status Report, 1974.

AFL-CIO, n.d..

Raol Berger- "Impeachment for High Crimes and Misdemeanors", 1971.

"Raol Berger- The President, Congress, and the Courts", 1974 .

Raol Berger's "Review of Impeachment", 1974.

Sam Ervin: "Executive Privilege: The Need for Congressional Action", 1973.

John Feerick ""Impeaching Federal Judges", 1970.

Jefferson Fordham Book Review, 1974.

Richard Falcon: "High Crimes and Misdemeanors", 1974.

Lawrence Hogan: "The Impeachment Inquiry of 1974", 1975.

Philip Kurland: "Tenure of Federal Judges", 1969.

Timothy Walthall: "Executive Privilege: Stealing Fire from the Gods", 1969.

Lean Yankwich:"Impeachment of Civil Officers", 1969.

Page proofs of Committee Report, 1974, 2 folders.

Hearing on Kleindienst nomination to attorney general, 1972.

Box

Hearing on Kleindienst nomination to attorney general, 1974.

Minority Memorandum, 1974, 2 folders.

New York Times, 1974, 2 folders.

New York Times, 1974, 2 folders .

Washington Post, 1974, 2 folders.

Washington Star News, 1974, 2 folders.

New York Times, 1974.

Washington Post, 1974.

New York Times, 1974.

Washington Post, 1974.

Washington Star News, 1974.

Impeachment Clippings, 1974, 14 folders.

Impeachment Clippings, 1974, 13 folders.

Impeachment Clippings, 1974, 15 folders.

Impeachment Clippings, 1974, 14 folders.

CRS memo on past procedures, 1973.

Impeachment Presentation Procedures, 1974.

Nixon Memorandum, n.d..

Participation of President's Counsel, 1974.

Procedures for Handling Impeachment, 1974.

House Judiciary Subpoena Power, 1974.

Impeachment Inquiry Procedures, 1974.

Republican Special order, 1974.

Procedures for taking depositions, 1974.

Report of Impeachment Inquiry Procedures, 1974.

Committee Responsible for Impeachment Conduct, 1974.

"Impeachment Inquiry Procedures, drafts and final", 1974, 2 folders .

Rules of Procedure, n.d., 2 folders.

Manual on Legislative Procedure in U.S. House, 1973, 2 folders.

Statement of Peter Rodino, 1974.

Box

"Conscience of the Nation", 1974.

John B. Anderson statement, 1974.

WSC remarks, 1974.

David Dennis statement, 1974.

Walter Flowers statement, 1974.

Lawrence Hogan statement, 1974.

Edward Hutchinson statement, 1974.

Albert Jenner statement, n.d..

Trent Lott statement, 1974.

Robert McClory statement, 1974.

Draft of minority report, 1974.

John Rhodes statement, 1974, 3 folders.

Elliott Richardson statement, 1973.

Peter Rodino statement, 1974, 4 folders.

Documents of Nixon's finances, 1974.

Milk Support Price Decision, 1974.

ITT Anti-Trust Decision, 1974.

Presidential Watergate Statement, 1973.

National Watergate broadcast, 1973.

Independent property audit, 1973.

Letter to Nixon from CPA firm, 1973.

Submission of tapes, 1974.

Presidential Pardon, 1974.

Press Conference with the President, 1973.

Text of a Legal Opinion by the Attorney General, 1974.

Statement by the President, 1974.

Text of a letter from Nixon to Arthur Sampson, 1974.

Presidential Statements on Watergate, 1974.

Republican Actions relevant to Watergate, 1974.

Alexander Cook:"Impeachment Charges", 1973.

Sam Gamson:"Watergate Facts", 1974.

Analysis of Presidential Counsel, 1974.

Lawrence Hogan, Edward Hutchinson, Albert Jenner, 1974.

Charles Wiggins memos, 1973.

Memos to Judiciary Committee, 1973-74.

St. Clair to Rodino, 1974.

Doar to St. Clair, 1974, 5 folders.

President to Rodino, 1974, 2 folders.

St. Clair to Doar, 1974, 4 folders.

Doar to Committee Members, 1974.

Subpoena, 1974.

Failure to comply with Subpoena, 1974.

Confidential report from Doar to Committee, 1974.

Rodino to President, 1974, 3 folders.

Subpoena, 1974.

Request for open sessions, 1974.

Box

Rodino to President, 1974.

Subpoena, 1974.

President to Rodino, 1974.

Doar to Committtee, 1974.

Subpoena re: ITT, 1974.

Subpoena re: domestic surveillance, 1974.

Subpoena re: milk price support, 1974.

Subpoena re: IRS, 1974.

St.Clair to Rodino, 1974.

St. Clair to Committee, 1974.

Nixon's response to Committee, 1974.

Subpoena amendments, 1974.

Resolutions and Motions, 1974.

Elliot Richard, 1974.

"Face of the Nation", 1973.

Rodino to Richardson, 1973.

Rodino referral of impeachment question, 1973.

Rodino press release, 1973.

Rodino Opening Statement, 1973.

Samuel Ervin to Rodino, 1973.

Rodino on Progess of Impeachment, 1973.

Rodino on Impeachment staff expansion, 1973.

Rodino on special impeachment counsel, 1973.

Rodino appointing minority counsel, 1973.

Rodino memos, 1973.

Rodino news release, 1973.

Rodino results of 2/14 meeting, 1973.

Rodino memorandum news release, 1973.

Rodino re: White House, 1973.

Rodino re: Judge Sirica's decision, 1974, 2 folders.

Rodino: overview of impeachment inquiry, 1974.

Rodino to Wayne Hays: request for funds, 1974.

Rodino news release, 1973.

Special Prosecutor: Bills, reports, etc., n.d., 3 folders.

Special Prosecutor: Published Hearings, 1973.

Watergate Special Prosecution Force, 1975.

Special Prosecutor and Watergate legislation, n.d..

Box

"Stenographic Minutes, Executive session", 1974, 13 folders.

"Stenographic Minutes, Committee Business", 1974, 2 folders.

Box

"Access to Documents, Tapes and Grand Jury Testimony", 1974.

Enforcement of Congressional Subpoenas, 1974, 2 folders.

"Executive Privilege, Owen J. Roberts Lecture", 1974.

Memo on the Right of the Committee, 1974, 2 folders.

Official Subpoena Power, draft and final, 1974.

Right of the House to all Presidential Documents, 1974.

Testimonies of Witnesses in Hearings, 1974.

Charles Colson, 1974.

Henry Peterson, 1974.

Testimonies of Witnesses in Hearings, 1974.

Descriptions of Recorded Presidential Conversations, n.d..

Sept. 15th White House Conversation, n.d..

June 1972 Executive Office Tape, 1974.

Report by Home Services, Inc., n.d..

Tapes: A Technical Monograph for the Layman, 1973.

Transcripts, 1971-73, 2 folders.

Box

Transcripts, 1971-73, 2 folders.

Submission of Recorded Presidential Conversations, 1974, 7 folders.

Box

Submission of Recorded Presidential Conversations, 1974, 3 folders.

Analysis of Presidential Transcripts, 1974.

Comparison of transcript passages, 1974.

Published Transcripts of 8 Recorded Conversations, 1974.

Comparison of White House and Judiciary Transcripts, 1974.

Wiretapping and electronic surveillance, 1974.

Box

Brief on behalf of the President, 1974, 2 folders.

Published Impeachment hearings, 1974.

Investigation of IRS use for Political Purposes, 1974.

Watergate: Chronology of a Crisis, 1974.

Published Watergate Hearings Book 1, 1974.

Published Watergate Hearings Book 2, 1974.

Published Watergate Hearings Book 3, 1974.

Published Watergate Hearings Book 4, 1974.

Published Watergate Hearings Book 5, 1974.

Published Watergate Hearings Book 6, 1974, 2 folders.

Examination of Nixon's Tax Returns 1969-1972, 1974.

Impeachment inquiry publications list, 1974.

Impeachment Inquiry Statements of Information, 1974, 16 boxes.

Statements of Information 1-2, n.d..

Statement of Information 3, n.d..

Statement of Information 4-5, n.d..

Statement of Information 6-7, n.d..

Statement of Information 8-9, n.d..

Statements of Information re: Milk Industry, n.d..

Events Prior to Watergate Break-In, n.d..

Events Following the Watergate Break-In, n.d., 3 folders.

Anti-trust case glossary, n.d..

Milk Price Supports, n.d..

Domestic Surveillance Activities, n.d., 2 folders.

White House Use of the IRS, n.d..

Events Prior to Watergate Break-In Book I Vol. 1, 12/2/71 to 6/17/72, 3 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In Book II, Vol. 1", 6/17/72 to 2/9/73, 3 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In Book II, Vol. 2", 6/17/72 to 2/9/73, 4 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In Book II, Vol. 3", 6/17/72 to 2/9/73, 3 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In Book III, Vol. 1", n.d., 3 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In Book III, Vol. 2", n.d., 3 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In Book III, Vol. 3", n.d., 2 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In Book III, Vol. 4", n.d., 2 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In Book III, Vol. 5", n.d., 2 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In, Book IV, Vol. 1", n.d., 3 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In, Book IV, Vol. 3", n.d., 3 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In, Book IV, Vol. 4", n.d., 3 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In, Book IV, Vol. 5", n.d., 3 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In, Book IV, Vol. 6", n.d., 2 folders.

"ITT Anti-trust Case Book V, Vol. 1", n.d., 3 folders.

"ITT Anti-trust Case Book V, Vol. 2", n.d., 3 folders.

"ITT Anti-trust Case Book V, Vol. 3", n.d., 3 folders.

"Milk Producers Campaign Contributions and Price Supports Book VI,Vol. 1", n.d., 3 folders.

"Milk Producers Campaign Contributions and Price Supports Book VI, Vol. 2", n.d., 3 folders.

"Milk Producers Campaign Contributions and Price Supports Book VI, Vol. 3", n.d., 3 folders.

""Milk Producers Campaign Contributions and Price Supports Book VI, Vol. 4", n.d., 2 folders.

"Domestic Surveillance Activities Book VII, Vol. 1", n.d., 3 folders.

"Domestic Surveillance Activities Book VII, Vol. 2", n.d., 3 folders.

"Domestic Surveillance Activities Book VII, Vol. 3", n.d., 3 folders.

"Domestic Surveillance Activities Book VII, Vol. 4", n.d., 3 folders.

"Domestic Surveillance Activities Book VII, Vol. 5", n.d., 3 folders.

"Domestic Surveillance Activities Book VII, Vol. 6", n.d., 3 folders.

"Domestic Surveillance Activities Book VII, Vol. 7", n.d., 3 folders.

"Domestic Surveillance Activities Book VII, Vol. 8", n.d., 2 folders.

"White House Use of the external Revenue Service Book VIII, Vol. 1", n.d., 3 folders.

"White House Use of the external Revenue Service Book VIII, Vol. 2", n.d., 2 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In Book IX, Vol. 1", n.d., 3 folders.

Additional Material, n.d..

"Events Following Watergate Break-In Book IX, Vol. 2", n.d., 3 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In Book IX, Vol. 3", n.d., 3 folders.

"Events Following Watergate Break-In Book IX, Vol. 4", n.d., 2 folders.

Tax Deduction for Gift of Papers Book X, n.d., 3 folders.

Statement of Information re: Cambodia Bombing Book XI, n.d., 2 folders.

Cambodia Bombing Reports, n.d..

Analysis re: Cambodia Bombing, n.d..

Gov't Expenditures at Nixon's Private Estates Book XII, n.d..

Report on Impoundment of Funds Book XII, n.d..

Events Following Watergate Break-In Book I, n.d., 3 folders.

ITT Litigation Book II, n.d., 2 folders.

Political Contributions by Milk Producers Book III, n.d., 2 folders.

White House Surveillance Activities Book IV, n.d., 2 folders.

Summary of Information, n.d., 4 folders.

Summary of Information July 19, 1974, n.d..

Index to Investigative Files, n.d..

Index to Investigative Files, n.d., 3 folders.

Assessment of Minority Members' Statements, n.d., 2 folders.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book I, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book II, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book III, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book IV, 1974, 2 folders.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book IV, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book V, 1974, 2 folders.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book VI, 1974, 2 folders.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book VII, 1974, 2 folders.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book VII, 1974, 3 folders.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book VIII, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book IX, 1974, 2 folders.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book X, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book I, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book II, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book III, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book IV, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book XI, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Book XII, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Appendix, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Appendix I, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Appendix II, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Appendix III, 1974.

Published Hearings of Sufficient Grounds for Nixon Impeachment Appendix IV, 1974.

Nelson A. Rockefeller Vice Presidential Confirmation Records, 1974, 4 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. On December 19, 1974, Rockefeller was sworn in as vice president of the United States, succeeding Gerald R. Ford, who assumed the presidency upon Nixon's resignation. Records include transcripts of proceedings, newsclippings, and background information on the House Judiciary Committee investigation and confirmation of the nomination of Nelson A. Rockefeller to be Vice President.

Index of Rockefeller Nomination Hearings, 1974, 2 folders.

Rodino re: Rockefeller, 1974.

Transcript of Rockefeller nomination, 1974, 4 folders.

Ada Ryan re: Rockefeller, 1974.

American Conservative Union re: Rockefeller, 1974.

Arthur Eve re: Rockefeller, 1974, 2 folders.

Bella Abzug re: Rockefeller, 1974.

Council re: Rockefeller, 1974.

Curtis Dall re: Rockefeller, 1974.

Dr. Maurice Dawkins re: Gerald Ford, 1974.

G. Domhoff and Charles Schwartz re: Rockefeller, 1974.

Howard Robison re: Rockefeller, 1974.

J. Dilworthe re: Rockefeller, 1974.

Jeanne Mirer re: Rockefeller, 1974.

John Anderson re: Rockefeller, 1974.

John Rhodes re: Rockefeller, 1974.

Joseph Rauh re: Rockefeller, 1974.

Lyn Marcus re: Rockefeller, 1974.

National Association for Justice re: Rockefeller, 1974.

Probing the Rockefeller Fortune, 1974.

Questions about Room 5600, 1974.

Rev. Kenneth Lee re: Rockefeller, 1974.

Rockefeller Questions and Answers, 1974, 9 folders.

Shirley Chisolm re: Rockefeller, 1974.

Statement by Laurence Rockefeller, 1974, 2 folders.

Statement by Nelson Rockefeller, 1974, 3 folders.

Status Report of Rockefeller, 1974.

Summary and Index of Hearing, 1974, 3 folders.

Summary of Proposed Trust of Rockefeller, 1974.

William Ronan re: Rockefeller, 1974.

CBS Report:"The Rockefellers", 1974.

Rockefeller, WSC notes, 1974, 3 folders.

A Study in the Power of Money, 1974.

Analysis of Public Record of Rockefeller, 1974, 2 folders.

Clippings on Rockefeller, 1974.

Cohen's Statements during Rockefeller Proceedings, 1974.

Hearings on Rockefeller Nomination, 1974.

IBEC Write-Up, 1974.

Information re: Rockefeller hearing, 1974, 4 folders.

Information relating to L. Judson Morhouse, 1974, 4 folders.

Memoranda on the Attica Prison Disturbance, 1974, 2 folders.

Memoranda re: New York conflict of interest, 1974.

Memoranda re: Rockefeller Financial Affairs and Investments, 1974.

Questions for Laurence Rockefeller, 1974.

Rockefeller Financial Group, 1974.

Statements re: Rockefeller, 1974, 3 folders.

A Baker's Nickel Manuscript, 1974.

Analysis of Public Record of Rockefeller, 1974.

Debate on Rockefeller Nomination, 1974.

Exam of Rockefeller's Tax Returns and Financial Record, 1974.

Hearings on Rockefeller Nomination, 1974, 2 folders.

Positions of Rockefeller, 1974.

News Source and Information Protection Act (Newsman's Privilege), 1973, 1 box.

Arranged alphabetically. These records deal with legislation pertaining to newsman's privilege, a statutory privilege giving reporters the right to refuse to disclose their sources of news information. Cohen introduced H.R. 5928 concerning this issue on March 21, 1973. This was his first major piece of legislation. Records include an analysis of the bill by Cohen, amendments, and reports by news agencies about the bill.

Background Materials, 1973-74, 4 folders.

Committee Information, 1973-74, 2 folders.

H.R. 5928, 1973-74, 2 folders.

Legislation, 1973-74.

Notebook, 1973-74.

Speedy Trial, 1974, 1 box.

Arranged alphabetically. The Speedy Trial Act (H.R. 17409) requires prosecutors, courts, and defense counsel to avoid delaying tactics during trials. Records include background information files about this bill, Cohen's statement of endorsement, and correspondence from Cohen's colleagues asking him to either support or reject the bill.

"Speedy Trial, Admin. Office Proposal", 1974.

"Speedy Trial, Amendments w/Explanations", 1974.

"Speedy Trial, Bill is amended", 1974.

"Speedy Trial, Maine Dockets", 1974, 3 folders.

"Speedy Trial, Proposed Amendments", 1974.

"Speedy Trial, section analysis", 1974.

Speedy Trial Act, 1974, 3 folders.

Speedy Trial Statements, 1974.

Women's Issues, 1977-1980, 1 box.

Arranged alphabetically by subject. Contains information about a number of "women's" issues, which were referred to the House Judiciary Committee, including abortion, domestic violence, and the protection of the privacy of rape victims. Reports, newsclippings, correspondence, newsletters from various groups concerned with abortion, and material documenting Cohen's 1978 endorsement of the extension of the deadline for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment are found in this subseries. Files were maintained by Jean Streeter, who worked with Cohen from 1976-1982. There are some related files on women's issues in the Senate legislative files, under the Judiciary category.

Abortion; Legislative Background, 1977, 2 folders.

Domestic Violence, 1978.

Employment Discrimination Against Women, 1974-76, 2 folders.

Equal Rights Amendment, 1980.

Equal Rights Amendment, 1979.

Equal Rights Amendment Extension, 1978.

Equal Rights Amendment Form Letters, 1978.

Equal Rights Amendment Republicans, 1980.

Equal Rights Amendment Supporters, 1978.

Equal Rights Amendment Thank You�s, 1978.

Equal Rights Opportunity Clippings, 1978, 2 folders.

General Information, 1977-78.

House Judiciary Committee, 1977-78.

Miscellaneous, 1979.

Women's Issues, 1977-78.

Press/Media Relations Activity Records, 1973-1978, 16 boxes.

This series documents the efforts of Cohen's press secretaries to communicate effectively with constituents about Cohen via television, radio, newspapers, and mailings. Cohen's press secretaries were Mark Haroff, 1973; Richard Fallon, 1974-1975; and Thomas Bright, 1976-1979. Records include newsletters, press releases, special mailings, speeches, and radio scripts. Some bound copies of articles by and about Cohen which span his service in both the House and the Senate have been filed with Cohen's U.S. Senate press records. Photographs and audiovisual materials were also used to communicate information about Cohen and are arranged in a separate series.

Records in this series are divided into three subseries: a) Maine news clippings, b) press releases, and c) speech files.

Maine Newsclippings, 1973-1978, 10 boxes.

Arranged chronologically. Includes clippings which mention Cohen and other Maine politicians, plus issues of importance to Maine citizens. Clippings are from newspapers such as the Bangor Daily News, the Portland Press Herald, and the St. John Valley Times.

State Issues, 1973.

Oct-Nov, 1974.

Nov 11-18, 1974.

Nov 24-30, 1974.

Dec 1-4, 1974.

Dec 8-14, 1974.

Dec 15-20, 1974.

Dec 22-26, 1974.

Dec 29-Jan 4, 1974.

Jan 1-19, 1975.

Jan 1-26, 1975.

Jan 5-11, 1975.

Jan 12-17, 1975.

Feb 12-15, 1975.

Feb 16-22, 1975.

Feb 23-Mar 1, 1975.

Mar 2�Apr 5, 1975.

Mar 16-22, 1975.

Mar 23-29, 1975.

Apr 6-May 3, 1975.

May 4-10, 1975.

May 11-17, 1975.

May 18-24, 1975.

May 25- June 1, 1975.

June 1-14, 1975.

June 8-15, 1975.

June 15-29, 1975.

Jun 9- Jul 6, 1975.

Jul 6-27, 1975.

Jul 13-30, 1975.

Jul 27- Aug 30, 1975.

Jul 27- Aug 10, 1975.

Aug 10-17, 1975.

Aug 17-24, 1975.

Aug 20-26, 1975.

Aug 24-31, 1975.

Sept 1-8, 1975.

Sept 9-16, 1975.

Sept 20-24, 1975.

Sept 25-30, 1975.

Oct. 1-8, 1975.

October, 1975.

November, 1975.

Dec-January, 1975-76.

anuary, 1976.

Jan-February, 1976.

February, 1976.

Feb-March, 1976.

Mar 3-17, 1976.

Mar 18-31, 1976.

Apr 2-17, 1976.

Apr 18-May 1, 1976.

May 2-20, 1976.

May 21-Jun 4, 1976.

Jun 5-30, 1976.

Jul 1-21, 1976.

Jul 22-31, 1976.

Aug 1-8, 1976.

Aug 9-17, 1976.

Aug 19- Aug 31, 1976.

Sep 1- 17, 1976.

Sep 18-30, 1976.

Oct 1- 21, 1976.

Oct. 6-16, 1976.

Oct 22-31, 1976.

Nov 1-15, 1976.

Nov 16-30, 1976.

Dec 1-11, 1976.

Dec 12-31, 1976.

Jan 1-15, 1977.

Jan 16-25, 1977.

Jan20-Feb 24, 1977.

Feb 23-Mar 14, 1977.

Mar 15-31, 1977.

Apr 1-21, 1977.

Apr.22-May 14, 1977.

May 15-31, 1977.

Jun 1-Jun14, 1977.

Jun 15-Jun 30, 1977.

July 1-Jul 20, 1977.

Jul 22-Aug 11, 1977.

Aug 12-Aug 31, 1977.

Sept 1-Sept 8, 1977.

Sept 9-14, 1977.

Sept 8-21, 1977.

Sept. 22-Sept. 30, 1977.

Oct. 1-Oct. 14, 1977.

Oct. 15-Oct. 31, 1977.

Oct.22-Nov. 14, 1977.

Nov. 15-Nov. 30, 1977.

Nov. 30- Dec. 18, 1977.

Dec. 9- 18, 1977.

Dec. 19-27, 1977.

Jan. 7-31, 1978.

Jan 10- 19, 1978.

Jan 20-31, 1978.

Jan. 31-Feb. 25, 1978.

Feb. 1- Feb. 21, 1978.

Feb. 22- Mar. 1, 1978.

Mar. 2- Mar. 6, 1978.

Feb. 23- Mar. 22, 1978.

Mar. 23- May 12, 1978.

Jun 5- Jun 14, 1978.

Jun 15- Jun 26, 1978.

Jun 27- Jul 8, 1978.

Jul 9- Jul 31, 1978.

Aug 1- Aug 8, 1978.

Aug. 9- Aug 31, 1978.

Sept. 1- 21, 1978.

Sept. 22- Oct. 11, 1978.

Oct. 12- 19, 1978.

Press Releases, 1973-1978, 3 boxes.

Arranged chronologically. These releases, issued by Cohen's press secretary, announce actions and votes Cohen took on issues involving the elderly, crime, agriculture, etc. Also included are indexes which give one-line summaries of issues mentioned in the releases.

Index of Press Releases, 1973-74.

Index of Press Releases, 1973.

January, 1973.

February, 1973.

March, 1973.

April, 1973.

May, 1973.

June, 1973.

July, 1973.

August, 1973.

September, 1973.

October, 1973.

November, 1973.

December, 1973.

January, 1974.

February, 1974.

March, 1974.

April, 1974.

May, 1974.

June, 1974.

July, 1974.

August, 1974.

September, 1974.

October, 1974.

November, 1974.

December, 1974.

Press Releases, 1974.

Index of Press Releases, 1975.

January, 1975.

February, 1975.

March, 1975.

April, 1975.

May, 1975.

June, 1975.

July, 1975.

August, 1975.

September, 1975.

October, 1975.

November, 1975.

December, 1975.

Press Releases, 1975, 2 folders.

Index of Press Releases, 1976.

January, 1976.

February, 1976.

March, 1976.

April, 1976.

May, 1976.

June, 1976.

July, 1976.

August, 1976.

September, 1976.

October, 1976.

November, 1976.

December, 1976.

Press Releases, 1976, 2 folders.

Index of Press Releases, 1977.

January, 1977.

February, 1977.

March, 1977.

April, 1977.

May, 1977.

June, 1977.

July, 1977.

August, 1977.

September, 1977.

October, 1977.

November, 1977.

December, 1977.

Index of Press Releases, 1978.

January, 1978.

February, 1978.

March, 1978.

April, 1978.

May, 1978.

June, 1978.

July, 1978.

August, 1978.

September, 1978.

October, 1978.

November, 1978.

December, 1978.

Aging, 1977.

Agriculture, 1977.

Aroostook Agriculture, 1978.

Aroostook Newsletter, 1977.

Clothespin, 1978.

Computer mailings, 1977.

Consumer Index, 1978.

Dickey-Lincoln, 1977.

Energy, 1977-78.

Farm and Power Equipment, 1977.

Farmer Letter, 1977.

Fish mailings, 1977.

Fish newsletters to Washington and Hancock counties, 1976.

Fish newsletter, 1976.

Fish letter, 1977.

Fish, 1978.

Fish tour, 1978.

Fisherman, 1978.

Franked mailings, 1975-78.

Franking Commission Approvals, 1976-78.

Fuel Oil/Energy mailer, 1977.

Health Care, 1977.

Indian Claim, 1977.

Indian Land Claim reprint, 1978.

Indian statement, 1978.

Indian districtwide, 1978.

Loring, 1977.

Mobile Home Dealers, 1977.

Newsletters, 1973-75.

Nursing, 1977.

OSHA, 1977.

Second District Farmer, 1978.

Small Business, 1977.

Small Business Tax, 1977.

Small Business, 1978.

S/MED Business Conference, 1977.

S/MED Newsletter, 1976.

S/MED Newsletter, 1978.

Taxpayer, 1978.

Telegram piece from Panama, 1977.

Textile, 1977.

Veteran's Brochure, 1977.

Speech Files, 1973-1978, 3 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically by subject. Includes drafts of speeches given by Cohen on a variety of subjects, such as the environment, foreign affairs, government, and defense. Speeches were given at events such as conferences, dedications of buildings, community gatherings, award ceremonies, and committee hearings. Files also include newsclippings, magazine articles, and other kinds of background material.

Folder Titles

Box

1 Agr-Energy

Agriculture, 1975-1977.

Anti-trust, 1976-1977.

Bangor, 1970.

Budget, 1974.

Presidential Compliance With Subpeona, 1974.

Commencements, 1973-1978.

Commerce, 1975-1978.

Congress, 1975-1979.

Draft of Speech to 93rd congress, n.d..

Crime, 1973-1978.

Defense, n.d..

Dickey-Lincoln, 1973.

Economy, 1973-1977.

Education, 1973-1978.

Elderly, 1975-1978.

Energy, 1974-1978.

Senate Announcement Speech, 1977.

Box

2 Env-Pov

Environment, 1973-1978.

fisheries, 1973-1978.

Foriegn Affairs, 1973-1978.

Government, 1973-1978.

Health, 1973-1978.

Holiday/Special Days, 1973-1978.

House of Representatives, 1973-1978.

Indian Affairs, 1973-1978.

Labor, 1973-1978.

Law, 1973-1978.

Maine Press Association, 1973-1978.

Minorities, 1973-1978.

Nixon Vote, 1973-1978.

Postal Service, 1973-1978.

Poverty, 1973-1978.

Box

3 Press-Youth

Press, 1973-1978.

Republicans, 1973-1978.

Republicans(Lincoln Day), 1973-1978.

Small Business, 1973-1978.

Speeches to 1978, 1973-1978.

Veteran's Affairs, 1973-1978.

Women, 1973-1978.

YMCA, 1973-1978.

Youth, 1973-1978.

Office Administration Records, 1973-1978, 8 boxes.

The administrative function of a congressional office includes the management of the office budget, the staff payroll, and the formulation of office policies. Records in this series fall into two general subcategories, which are: a) general administrative records, and b) general correspondence.

General Administrative Records, 1975-1978, 1 box.

Arranged alphabetically. This sub-series consists of administrative memos and internship applications. The internship applications contain correspondence which describe the responsibilities interns had in the Cohen office and how they were expected to interact with the public and other staff members.

Access to records in this series is restricted until January 2039. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

General Correspondence, 1973-1978, 7 boxes.

Arranged chronologically. The Cohen office received mail from constituents that fell into four general categories: legislative issues, personal difficulties constituents were having in dealing with the Federal government, scheduling issues, and general mail. The legislative mail went to the legislative assistants to answer, the mail dealing with personal difficulties went to the office caseworker, mail dealing with Cohen's schedule went to his personal secretary, and the general mail was parceled out by the administrative assistant to various members of the Cohen staff to answer. This subseries consists of general mail, and it contains copies of letters sent to constituents expressing congratulations, sympathy, and thanks. Responses to requests for information about issues, copies of bills, Cohen's biographical information, and other general requests are also included.

Return to the Table of Contents

U.S. Senate, 1973-1996, 773 .5 cu. ft boxes and 388 1.5 cu. ft. boxes.

After serving three terms in the U.S. House of Representatives, Cohen was elected to the U.S. Senate in November of 1978, unseating incumbent Senator William D. Hathaway with 57 percent of the vote. He was re-elected in 1984 and again in 1990, and was a member of the Senate until he became the nation's twentieth Secretary of Defense in January, 1997. Senator Cohen's office in Washington, D.C. was in the Dirksen Building from 1979-1984, and the Hart Building from 1984-1997. Cohen had a large Senatorial staff, which included press secretaries, administrative assistants, legislative assistants, office managers and a personal secretary. Cohen also had six Senate offices in Maine in Augusta, Bangor, Lewiston, Presque Isle, Portland, and Biddeford.

The records in this group are organized into five series which reflect the four basic areas of activity in the Cohen office (administration, legislation, constituent services and press/media), as well as Cohen's personal and political activities. The series are Personal/Political/Official Records (68 boxes), Constituent Services Records (not completely processed), Legislative Records (558), Press Relations/Media Activities Records (114 boxes), and Office Administration Records (5 boxes). The largest series is the legislative one, which includes files related to Cohen's activities on the Governmental Affairs, Armed Services, Aging, Intelligence, Judiciary, and Indian Affairs Committees, as well as his 1987 appointment to the special committee investigating the Iran-contra affair. Other files in the legislative series document Cohen's attention to a broad range of issues, most of which deal with the concerns of his Maine constituents.

Access to records in the U.S. Senate record group is restricted. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Personal/Political/Official, 1963-1996, 68 boxes.

Files in this series reflect activities in the Cohen Senate office that do not directly relate to the legislative process or providing constituent service. Rather, they document routine tasks such as maintaining Cohen's daily, weekly, and monthly schedules; coordinating his travel arrangements; maintaining campaign files, biographical information, and correspondence; and generating financial disclosure and other required reports. Activities Cohen undertook in an official or political capacity are also documented here, and they include conferences he participated in, as well as his service on the Roosevelt Campobello International Park Commission from 1986-1993. The bulk of the papers in this category were created by Cynthia Waters, who was Cohen's personal secretary from 1978-1996.

The files are organized into seven subseries: a) general files, b) campaign records, c) personal correspondence, d) accepted invitations, e) schedules, f) travel records, and g) Roosevelt Campobello International Park Commission records.

Access to some of the records in the Personal/Political/Official series is restricted. See information in sub-series description level. Contact the Special Collections Department for further information.

General Files, 1978-1996, 3 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Biographical information, award letters, financial disclosure forms, and Cohen's endorsements of political candidates are some of the records found in this subseries. Also included are manuscripts of books sent to Cohen by his colleagues and constituents and a copy of the 1978 Senators Orientation Committee Handbook.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Campaign Records, 1975-1996, 8 boxes.

Arranged chronologically according to the two campaigns Cohen waged while he was in the Senate, and then alphabetically within each campaign. In 1984, Cohen was re-elected to the Senate with 74 percent of the vote in a victory over Elizabeth Mitchell, the majority leader of the Maine House of Representatives. In 1990, Cohen won a third term in the Senate with 62 percent of the vote in a decisive victory over Neil Rolde, an eight-term legislator in the Maine House of Representatives.

Files from Cohen's 1984 and 1990 campaigns consist of memos, newsletters, position papers, special interest group profiles, reports on voter attitudes, and speeches. Information about his 1984 opponent Elizabeth Mitchell is also included here in the form of reports from the Mitchell Senate campaign, newsclips, and roll calls. A small group of files compiled for use in Cohen's anticipated 1996 campaign is also in this subseries, and it includes letters written to Cohen by his constituents expressing appreciation for his assistance.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted. Details will be included in the sub-series level descriptions when they are added to this inventory. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Personal Correspondence, 1979-1996, 17 boxes.

Arranged chronologically and then alphabetically according to the last name of each correspondent within each year. Original letters from Cohen's friends and colleagues are filed with copies of Cohen's responses to them. The correspondence consists of letters of sympathy and thanks, congratulations to Cohen on his re-elections in 1984 and 1990, and Cohen's exchanges with friends concerning his poetry and other literary works. Letters of sympathy to him upon the death of his father, Ruby Cohen, in 1995, requests from constituents seeking audiences with the President and other White House officials, and job recommendations Cohen wrote for friends and colleagues are also found in this series.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Accepted Invitations, 1979-1996, 23 boxes.

Arranged chronologically by year and then by month. Cohen's day-to-day schedule was shaped by the many invitations he received. This subseries consists of invitations accepted by Cohen to attend functions such as fund raising events, commencement ceremonies, and seminars. Individual meetings with constituents, special interest groups, colleagues, and visiting dignitaries are also recorded here. From 1995-1996, Cohen's daily schedules were interfiled with his invitations, so daily schedules from that time period are included here.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2014 with the exception of records for 1995-1996 which are restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Schedules, 1979-1995, 7 boxes.

Arranged chronologically. This subseries consists of Cohen's daily, weekly, committee, long range, and projected schedules. Some of the events noted are press conferences, interviews, sessions in recording studios, receptions, trips to Maine, commencement exercises, and his meetings with the Armed Forces, Intelligence, and Aging Committees. Most of Cohen's schedules from 1995-1996 were filed with invitations he received, so schedules from that period are located in the Invitations subseries.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2006. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Travel Records, 1979-1990, 5 boxes.

Arranged chronologically. Files in this subseries document some of the trips Cohen embarked on as an official representative of the United States. He participated in several trips taken by Congressional delegations which were referred to as CODELs. In 1985, Senator Robert Dole led a CODEL to the Far East, and this was known as the CODEL Dole. Cohen was a delegate on this trip, as were Senators Moynihan, Domenici, Wilson, and Evans. The delegates visited Korea, Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and China, and spoke with officials on issues affecting US relations with those countries.

Cohen also participated in several of the Wehrkunde Conferences sponsored by the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO). The Wehrkunde Conferences, usually held annually in Munich, Germany, provide a forum for examining NATO security problems. They are attended by senior foreign policy, defense officials, and non-government experts from NATO member nations. Cohen led the American delegation for several Wehrkunde Conferences in the late 1980s and early 1990s.

In 1984, Cohen visited the USSR Academy of Sciences in Moscow and spoke to officials there about his concept of nuclear build-down. Cohen also met poets Yevtushenkov and Voznesiensky on this trip, and correspondence with Yevtushenkov is included here. Records in this subseries consist of itineraries, invitations, correspondence, brochures, speeches, newsclips, briefing memos, and Cohen's personal notes and poetry.

Administrative travel records, such as receipts, travel forms, etc. are also included.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2011. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Roosevelt Campobello International Park Commission, 1963-1993, 5 boxes.

Arranged chronologically. The Roosevelt Campobello International Park was dedicated in 1964 as a unique memorial to United States President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. The park is located at the southeastern end of the Canadian Island of Campobello, and was created as a tribute to the cooperation and lasting friendship between Canada and the United States. Funded by the federal government of each country, it is the only international park in the world located in one country and administered jointly by an International Park Commission with equal representation from both countries.

William Cohen was appointed as an alternate on the International Park Commission in 1985, and became a Commission member on May 12, 1986. Records in this subseries include minutes, memos, and correspondence produced by the Commission, plus a 25-year history of the Park written in 1989.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2014. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Constituent Service Records, 1979-1996.

Congress devotes substantial time and resources to the provision of constituent services. These services include answering requests for information, responding to inquiries regarding legislative issues, assisting groups in the home state with their efforts to secure federal grants, and helping individuals who are having specific difficulties involving the Federal government (casework).

Constituent service was a high priority in the Cohen office in Washington D.C. and in the six Maine offices in Augusta, Bangor, Biddeford, Lewiston, Presque Isle, and Portland. The bulk of the records in this series consist of correspondence that was handled by a Correspondence Management System (CMS). This system, used in Cohen's Washington D.C. office, was used to produce responses to constituents' individual letters. Records from the Biddeford and Presque Isle state offices are also found in this series, and they document various projects, such as a study on the erosion of Camp Ellis, a dredging project in Wells Harbor, and the closing of the Loring Air Force base in Limestone, Maine. Due to their confidential nature, casework files, which are individual requests for assistance, are not included in this series.

State Offices, 1976-1996, 38 boxes.

By 1983, six U.S. Senate field offices were established in the state of Maine. They are located in Augusta, Bangor, Lewiston, Portland, Biddeford, and Presque Isle. Each office serves the residents of one or more of Maine's sixteen counties. The purpose of each state office is to establish a means of communication between the Senator's office in Washington and his constituents in the home state. The state office staff members are responsible for articulating the Senator's position on various issues to his constituents, and for communicating the concerns of the constituents to the Senator. They are also responsible for tracking the development of local issues and events, and communicating about these events with the Washington office. Each state office also employs one or more caseworker who is responsible for assisting constituents with difficulties they might be having with the Federal government, such as securing Social Security benefits and pensions.

Access to records in the State Offices series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Biddeford Office, 1979-1996, 17 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. The Biddeford office was established in 1983 to serve the people of York county. Linda Leeman was the representative for that office from 1983-1996, and her assistants during that time were Anne Demers, Debbie Willis, and Diane Deering. Records consist of project files on a number of issues pertinent to the people served by this office. Some of the major topics mentioned are reports on beach erosion at Camp Ellis in Saco; the creation of the Wells National Estuarine Research Reserve in Wells; a study done by the US Army Corps of Engineers on Perkins Cove in Ogunquit; and the proposed closing of the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth. Records include studies and reports, (many of them done by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers), environmental assessments of projects by the U.S. Dept. of the Interior, correspondence, memos, and newsclippings.

Presque Isle Office, 1976-1996, 21 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. The Presque Isle office was established in 1979 to serve the people of Aroostook County. From 1979-1984, the representative for Presque Isle was Kathryn Swanson, with assistants Ted Johnston and Dayle Ashby. From 1984-1996, the representative was Dayle Ashby, with assistants Carol Jacobs, Lori Ireland, and Florence McKay. In 1993, Congress voted to close 130 military bases throughout the country, including Loring Air Force base in Limestone, Maine. The bulk of the records in this category are about Loring, and records include petitions from constituents seeking to keep Loring open; agendas and minutes of the Loring Development Authority of Maine; reports and statements concerning the environmental impact of the closing; and files that document suggestions for the potential reuse of the base. Other records included in this category are itineraries and correspondence documenting Cohen's yearly walks through Aroostook County, newsclippings and memos about the Allagash flood of 1991, and files concerning the closing of the U.S. Coast Guard station in Eastport, Maine.

CMS Correspondence, 1979-1996.

Most of the correspondence in the Cohen Senate office was handled by a large computer system known as a Correspondence Management System. Most Senate offices use a system like this one to respond to high volume issue mail. It provides a method for creating many similar, but individualized letters by using approved paragraphs or letters of text merged with correspondent names and addresses.

The correspondence in this category is arranged chronologically, according to a document numbering system. It contains routine requests for flags, biographical information about Senator Cohen, and information about the U.S. Senate, as well as correspondence about legislative issues. The correspondence is from government officials, as well as Cohen's constituents and colleagues. Most of this correspondence is also available on microfilm.

Legislative Records, 1961-1996, 548 boxes.

The legislative function of Congress includes the formulation and passage of bills that become law, the "executive" function of providing advice and consent on nominations and treaties, the "judicial" function of impeachment, and the oversight, investigative, and budgetary functions. The Senate has a complex organizational structure, relying on committees and subcommittees to process most of the legislation that flows through it. While in the Senate, Cohen was a member of a number of committees, some of which focused on the formulation of legislation, and others that focused on the judicial, oversight and investigative functions.

Cohen had a large staff of legislative assistants who worked on committee related as well as general issues. Cohen's legislative directors were Thomas Heyerdahl (1979-1988), Robert Savitt (1989-1993), and John Veroneau (1994-1996). The directors, assistants, and aides held very important roles: they would draft bills, advise Cohen on possible legislative strategies, do research on pending legislation, represent him at meetings, and keep him abreast of current issues.

The records in this series consist of files created by Cohen and his many legislative assistants and aides. The files are organized according to subject, and then according to the staff members who created them. Each staff member was assigned to several subject areas and usually acquired the files of those who had previously covered those subjects. Therefore there is overlap among the files as to who created them and the subjects they cover. Some of the subjects represented are defense, government affairs, energy, aging, the environment, trade, transportation, and education. It should also be noted that some of Cohen's U.S. House legislative files have been filed in this series.

Records include briefing memos written to Cohen by his aides, which provide concise summaries of many important issues. Correspondence from constituents and special interest groups, reports from Congressional Research Service on a wide variety of subjects, copies of letters Cohen wrote to Federal departments in support of various legislative concerns, newsclippings, bills, amendments, and Cohen's floor statements and requests from his colleagues seeking his support on legislation ("Dear Colleague" letters) are also found in this series.

General Records, 1978-1996, 10 boxes.

The general legislative files in this category fall into four subdivisions, which are:

Access to records in the General Records sub-series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

General Files, 1978-1996, 2 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Files in this category consist of legislative memos, newsclippings, analyses of Cohen's voting records by various special interest groups, and correspondence concerning his committee assignments.

Legislative Activities, 1981-1995, 2 boxes.

Arranged chronologically. These reports were prepared by the Senate Computer Center and the Committee on Rules and Administration. They document measures and amendments that Cohen sponsored and co-sponsored. A subject index. to these measures is also included.

Legislative Agendas Goals and Accomplishments, 1988-1994, 2 boxes.

Arranged chronologically. Prepared by Cohen's legislative assistants, these records contain agendas, goals, and accomplishments for the 100th to the 104th Congresses (1988-1994). They outline what each assistant would like to see achieved in his or her subject area for a particular Congress, and they also contain evaluations of previous Congresses, which highlight some of Cohen's major legislative accomplishments.

Senate Record Vote Analysis, 1988-1996, 4 boxes.

Arranged chronologically. These records, compiled and written by the staff of the Senate Republican Policy Committee, provide an index to the Senate voting record. Arranged by subject (abortion, agriculture, environment, foreign affairs, welfare, etc.), they provide a synopsis of each vote, and a record of how each Republican and Democrat in the U.S. Congress voted on it.

General Files, 1978-1996, Boxes 1-2.

Legislative Activities, 1981-1995, Boxes 3-4.

Senate Record Vote, 1988-1996, Boxes 5-8.

Legislative Accomplishments, 1988-1994, Boxes 9-10.

Aging, Health, and Social Services, 1974-1996, 32 boxes.

Cohen was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives Select Committee on Aging from 1975-1979, and a member of the U.S. Senate Special Committee on Aging from 1979-1997. The records in this series reflect Cohen's service on both of these committees. The Senate Committee on Aging serves as a focal point for the study and review of the problems of older Americans pertaining to health, income, employment, housing, etc. It also conducts oversight of programs and investigates reports of fraud and waste. The Committee does not have legislative authority, but it often submits its findings and recommendations for legislation to Congress. While on the Aging Committee, Cohen worked for more stringent health and safety standards in nursing homes, spoke out on the long-term care crisis, worked to lower the cost of prescription drugs, and led a number of investigations into health care fraud and abuse issues.

The records in this series are not only directly related to Cohen's service on the House and Senate Aging Committees, but to related health and social issues as well. Files are arranged into five broad subdivisions which reflect the work of the staff members (both members of Cohen's personal staff and the staff of the U.S. Senate Committee on Aging) who created them. The subdivisions are a) Cynthia Hilton, 1974-1983, b) Mary Gerwin and Priscilla Hanley, 1982-1996, c) Helen Albert and Victoria Blatter, 1990-1996, d) Winthrop Cashdollar, 1982-1996, and e) Michael Townsend, 1988-1996.

Access to some of the records in the Aging, Health and Social Services series is restricted. See information at the subseries level. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Cynthia Hilton, 1974-1983, 11 boxes.

Cynthia Hilton was a member of Cohen's staff from 1973-1997, and worked mostly on health and aging issues. James Dykstra, who worked with Senator Cohen from 1979-1991, handled health and aging issues circa 1980, and some of his files are also found here. Records in this subseries fall into two broad categories:

Legislation Cohen either introduced or co-sponsored, 1974-1983, 5 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically by subject. Files deal with adolescent pregnancy, continuing care contracts, home health standards, and the rights of nursing home patients. Records consist of memos, copies of bills, Cohen's statements, and correspondence.

Aging Committee hearings, 1977-1981, 6 boxes.

Arranged chronologically. These files record Aging Committee hearings, and they consist of briefing memos, statements of witnesses, newsclippings, and newsletters from special interest groups. Subjects covered include education, counseling, Medicaid, home health care, and energy assistance.

Mary Gerwin and Priscilla Hanley, 1990-1996, 4 boxes.

Mary Gerwin was the staff director for the Aging Committee from 1991-1997. She was also Counsel to the Subcommittee on the Oversight of Government Management for the Governmental Affairs Committee from 1981-1986, and minority staff director of this Subcommittee from 1987-1991. Priscilla Hanley handled health and aging issues in 1990 as a legislative assistant, and was the staff member for health on the Aging Committee from 1995-1997.

Records in this subseries consist of the records of the Aging Committee, and they include hearing record books (1 box, 1993-1996), administrative records (1 box, 1991-1996), and selected documents from the Aging and Governmental Affairs Committees which deal with Social Security Disability and Medicare fraud and abuse (2 boxes, 1982-1992).

Access to records in this series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Helen Albert and Victoria Blatter, 1990-1996, 5 boxes.

Helen Albert was the Chief Investigator for the Senate Aging Committee from 1992-1997. Victoria Blatter was on the Aging Comittee staff from 1992-1997, and handled issues such as prescription drugs and nursing homes.

Files are arranged alphabetically, and they consist of the many investigative hearings and reports Albert and Blatter compiled on issues of fraud, abuse, and related health and aging topics. A report issued by Cohen in 1994 entitled Gaming the Health Care System is also included.

Access to some of the records in this series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Winthrop Cashdollar, 1982-1996, 8 boxes.

Winthrop Cashdollar worked with Cohen circa 1983-1990 on education, aging, health and welfare issues. This subseries also contains some contributions from Elizabeth Liess and John Veroneau.

Files are arranged alphabetically, according to broad subject areas. Materials consist of one box of general records on aging, two boxes on health issues, three boxes on Social Security issues, and two boxes on welfare. Records deal with issues such as income, age discrimination, social security disability, welfare reform, child-care issues, and health care reform.

Access to some of the records in this series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Michael Townsend, 1988-1995, 4 boxes.

This subseries consists of U.S. Senate Aging Committee press materials. Michael Townsend was the assistant press secretary for Senator Cohen from June 1993 until January 1995. He was the press secretary for the Aging Committee from 1993-1995, and he compiled many of the files found in this subseries.

Files are arranged alphabetically, and they include an information guide for senior citizens, newsclippings, press releases, Cohen's statements, and memos and correspondence. Many of the memos are directed to various media representatives to inform them about Aging Committee hearings and investigations. There are also files on health care fraud and health care reform, Medicare, mental illness, and Social Security.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2016. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Agriculture, 1979-1996, 17 boxes.

The files in this subseries chronicle some of the issues and concerns involving Maine agricultural industries, which include the potato, blueberry, dairy, poultry, and cranberry industries. As Chairman of the Oversight Subcommittee of the U.S. Senate Governmental Affairs Committee, Cohen conducted several investigations into agricultural issues important in Maine. During the 1980s, he initiated a meat and poultry inspection program and conducted an investigation into U.S. government trading policies in response to the subsidized Canadian potatoes which flooded the Maine market. Records related to agricultural issues can also be found in the Commerce, Trade, Government, and Environment subseries.

This group has two subdivisions, which reflect the work of the staff members who created them: a) Robert Umphrey and Robert Porter, 1979-1987, and b) Eben Adams and John Veroneau, 1989-1996.

Access to some of the records in the Agriculture series is restricted. See information at the subseries level. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Robert Umphrey and Robert Porter, 1979-1987, 9 boxes.

Robert Umphrey worked with Cohen from 1979-1984 on agricultural, forestry, trade, and fisheries issues. These issues were turned over to Robert Porter in 1984, who handled them until 1989. Porter was also a staff member on the Subcommittee on Oversight of Government Management for the Governmental Affairs Committee from 1986-1987.

Files are arranged alphabetically, and they touch on problems in the potato industry, such as potato blight and the effects of the introduction of low-priced Canadian potatoes into the eastern U.S. market in the mid-1980s. A few files refer to the poultry industry, which declined rapidly in the mid-1980s due to high labor and feed grain-shipping costs. Cohen's efforts on behalf of the blueberry industry in Maine are also documented here. Due to a surplus in the Maine wild blueberry crop in 1983-1984, he initiated a pilot program that incorporated blueberries into the Federal school lunch program. Files on the dairy industry are also in this group, and they deal with the development of the dairy price support system and the decline of dairy farming in Maine.

Records include briefing memos, applications for economic assistance from Maine businesses to Federal agencies, studies and reports, "Dear Colleague" letters seeking Cohen's support on legislation, Maine Congressional Delegation correspondence, newsletters from the National Milk Producers Federation, and reports from the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2008. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

John Veroneau and Eben Adams, 1989-1996, 8 boxes.

John Veroneau handled agricultural and fisheries issues from 1989 to January, 1994, at which time he became legislative director for the Cohen office. These issues were then turned over to Eben Adams, who worked with Senator Cohen from 1992-1996.

Files are arranged alphabetically, and they deal with the potato, blueberry, and dairy industries. They also chronicle the development of the cranberry industry in the early 1990s in southern Maine. Significant legislation includes the Northeast Interstate Dairy Compact, which was introduced as S. 2069 and co-sponsored by Senator Cohen in 1994. This law helped to assure the viability of dairy farming in the Northeast.

Materials consist of newsclippings, briefing memos, floor statements, Cohen's correspondence with the USDA, and his requests to the Committee on Appropriations for research funding. Reports from the General Accounting Office on crop insurance and pesticides, as well as reports on a number of issues from the Congressional Research Service and the Maine Dept. of Agriculture are also found in these files.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Commerce and Transportation, 1979-1996, 71 boxes.

Records in this subseries deal with commerce and transportation issues, and therefore cover subjects such as communications, highway safety, inland waterways, marine fisheries, maritime issues, and the regulation of interstate common carriers (including railroads, buses, trucks, vessels, pipelines, and civil aviation).

Throughout the 1980s and early 1990s, issues concerning aviation, highways, maritime issues, and railroads were handled by Dale Gerry and Paulina Collins. David Wilby handled these issues during the latter part of the1990s. Fishery issues are very important in the state of Maine, and records about them were created by Michael Hastings, Timothy Woodcock, Jeffrey Kaelin, Katherine DeCoster, Eben Adams, and John Veroneau. Communications records were created by Jeff Minsky, Kelly Metcalf, Dale Gerry and Paulina Collins.

The files are organized into seven major groups, which are: a) General Records, b) Aviation, c) Communications, d) Fisheries, e) Highways, f) Maritime, and g) Railroads.

Access to some of the records in the Commerce and Transportation series is restricted. See information at sub-series level. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

General Records, 1979-1993, 3 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Records related to appropriations for the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Maine Department of Transportation (MDOT), as well as to the DOT budget and MDOT grants, are included here. These records document some of the issues related to state and federal government monies allocated for the upkeep and expansion of the transportation infrastructure, particularly in the state of Maine. Records consist of correspondence, press releases, reports, and legislative notices from the U.S. Senate Republican Policy Committee.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2016. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Aviation, 1979-1996, 8 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. As a result of the Airline Deregulation Act of 1976 (passed by Congress in 1978), carriers nationwide started to abandon air service at smaller communities in favor of new routes in more lucrative markets. This resulted in a loss of service throughout New England. The New England Regional Commission held hearings throughout New England in order to determine essential air service for smaller communities. Records related to the determination of essential air service are included here. Other files in this category deal with reuse plans for the Charleston Air Force Base and several issues concerning the Bangor International Airport. One of these is a 1990s controversy concerning restrictions against international airline carriers enroute to Cuba to stop in Bangor for refueling and maintenance. These restrictions were due to the U.S. economic embargo against Cuba.

Other records document legislative initiatives co-sponsored by Senator Cohen, such as: � S. 764, the Air Travelers Security Act, a 1984 bill designed to assure the continued protection of the traveling public in the marketing of air transportation. � S. 2177, a 1988 bill designed to amend the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 to provide for use of the nation's airports on a cost-recovery basis.

Records include legislative memos, Cohen's statements, and correspondence from the U.S. and Maine Departments of Transportation, the Air Transport Association, the Regional Airline Association, and the Maine Congressional Delegation.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Communications, 1981-1995, 9 boxes.

Records in this subseries document a number of legislative initiatives supported by Senator Cohen in the telecommunications field. An anti-trust suit brought against ATT (settled in 1982 and effective in 1984) resulted in that company's divestiture of its 23 Bell Operating Companies. This divestiture brought about enormous changes in the telecommunications industry. With the impending ATT breakup, the Federal Communications Commission proposed a charge for access to the long distance network that would apply to all customers. In 1983, Cohen cosponsored the Universal Telephone Service Preservation Act (S. 1660), which was designed to place a two-year moratorium on this charge. Cohen also supported S. 66, the1983 Cable Telecommunications Act, which sought to eliminate unnecessary government regulation over cable telecommunications. This bill became law in 1984. After the deregulation of the cable television industry, however, the price of cable services increased about sixty percent, and in 1992 Cohen supported S. 12, the Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act, designed to combat rising cable rates and poor service. Cohen later supported an override of the President's veto on this act, and the bill became law in October 1992. Cohen also supported the Telecommunications and Deregulation Act of 1995 (S. 652), aimed at making the communications industry more competitive.

Files are arranged alphabetically, and they were created by Jeff Minsky, Dale Gerry, Paulina Collins, and Kelly Metcalf. Records include correspondence with the National Association of Broadcasters, the Federal Communications Commission, ATT, and the National Telephone Cooperative Assocation. Reports and surveys on cable television rates and services, copies of bills, letters from Cohen's colleagues seeking his support, and memos from Cohen's aides providing incisive summaries of many issues related to the telecommunications industry are also found in this subseries.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2016. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Fisheries, 1974-1996, 28 boxes.

In 1976, the Magnuson Fishery and Conservation Management Act, the nation's premier fisheries law, was passed in order to control fishing by foreign vessels within 200 miles of U.S. shores, and to establish a regional program to manage interstate fisheries. This act was introduced as H.R. 200 and co-sponsored by Senator Cohen. The establishment of this 200-mile limit created boundary disputes with Canada concerning the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank, and documentation concerning the settlement of these boundaries is included in these files. Other topics covered are the effects of low-priced fish imports on Maine seafood producers, the United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea, the decline in groundfish, fishing regulations and management, U.S.-Canadian trade policies, and the development of aquaculture. Files related to the fishing industry may also be found in the Trade and Environment subseries.

Files are arranged into four general subdivisions, which reflect the work of the staff members who created them: a) Michael Hastings and Timothy Woodcock, 1974-1981, b) Jeffrey Kaelin, 1981-1984, c) Katherine DeCoster, 1983-1991, d) Eben Adams and John Veroneau, 1987-1996.

Michael Hastings and Timothy Woodcock, 1974-1981, 5 boxes.

Michael Hastings worked with Cohen from 1973-1980 on fisheries issues, as well as defense and foreign relations. Timothy Woodcock worked on fisheries issues circa 1980. (He also worked with Cohen on the Maine Indian land claims case and the Iran-Contra Committee). There are also some files in this category created by William Stelle.

Files are arranged alphabetically, and they deal with bluefin tuna legislation, the East Coast Fisheries and Boundary Treaties with Canada, and the Marine Fisheries Conservation and Management Fund Act of 1974 (introduced by Cohen as H.R. 15163). Files on the establishment of the New England Fishery Management Council, off-shore drilling on Georges Bank, and foreign fishing off the U.S. Coast are also found in this category .

Records consist of Cohen's correspondence with the Department of Commerce on behalf of the fishing industry, newsletters and correspondence from the Maine Fisherman's Cooperative Association and the Maine Lobsterman's Association, newsclippings, press releases, and briefing memos.

Jeffrey Kaelin, 1981-1984, 12 boxes.

Jeffrey Kaelin worked on fisheries issues from 1981-1984. Robert Porter and Robert Umphrey also contributed to the files in this category. The files are arranged alphabetically, and they document the formulation of the Anadromous Fish Conservation Act, (S. 3123, introduced by Senator Cohen in 1982), and amendments to the Magnuson Fishery and Conservation Management Act. Other topics covered include the 1984 International Court of Justice settlement of the Georges Bank boundary dispute, the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea, and efforts to improve the New England Fishery Management Council. Files on the lobster, scallop, dogfish, and sardine fishing industries are also found in this category.

Records consist of reports from the GAO, correspondence with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), copies of bills, and research reports from the National Marine Fisheries Service.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2006. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Katherine DeCoster, 1983-1991, 2 boxes.

Katherine DeCoster worked with Cohen from 1983-1991 on fisheries issues, as well as environment, energy, and housing issues. Files are arranged alphabetically, and cover topics such as aquaculture, the Atlantic salmon, fishing boat insurance, lobster and tuna management, and U.S. Canadian trade relations. Records include correspondence, reports, and newsclippings.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2012. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Eben Adams and John Veroneau, 1987-1996, 9 boxes.

John Veroneau handled agriculture, trade, fisheries, and fiscal issues from 1989 to January, 1994, at which time he became legislative director for the Cohen office. Many of these issues were then turned over to Eben Adams, who worked with Senator Cohen from 1992-1996.

Files are arranged alphabetically, and they cover topics such as groundfish restoration, seafood inspection, and fisheries management. The Consumer Seafood Safety Act of 1992 (S. 2538); the Groundfish Restoration Act of 1992 (H.R. 2919); and the Gulf of Maine Act of 1994 (S. 2241) are some of the significant legislative initiatives mentioned in this category. The Gulf of Maine Act, introduced by Senator George Mitchell, sought to establish a Gulf of Maine Council that would promote the environmental and economic health of the Gulf of Maine.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Highways, 1980-1995, 7 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Files in this category deal with highway issues particularly as they relate to Maine. Safety issues documented here concern drinking and driving, driver fatigue ("tired truckers"), air bags, motorcycle helmet laws, seat belts, and the dangers posed by oversized trucks and trailers. Legislative actions recorded in this subseries include: � The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA), Public Law 102-240), which was a bill designed to develop a national intermodal surface transportation system, to authorize funds for the construction of highways, and for highway safety and mass transit programs. � The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1987 (H.R. 2, Public Law 100-17), which was a bill to authorize funds for the construction of highways, highway safety programs, and a mass transportation program. Senator Cohen voted to sustain a veto of this bill by President Reagan, but the veto was overridden and this act became public law in April 1987. � The Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (S. 1204), which was the first major overhaul of the federal transportation system since the establishment of the interstate highway system in the mid-1950s.

Records include correspondence with organizations such as Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD) and Parents Against Tired Truckers (PATT), as well as memos from legislative assistants, press releases, copies of Cohen's statements, and "Dear Colleague" letters.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2016. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Maritime Records, 1980-1996, 6 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. The bulk of the records in this subseries concern a proposed dry cargo terminal project on Sears Island in Searsport, Maine. First discussed in the 1970s, the terminal was never built due to legal actions initiated against the project by the Sierra Club and other environmental groups. Other issues documented here include: � "Cunard" legislation, which refers to S. 1197 (1983), a private bill designed to allow two foreign passenger vessels, the Cunard Countess and the Cunard Princess, to be re-flagged as American vessels. � The National Maritime Heritage Act of 1993 (S. 1727), introduced by Senator Cohen for the purpose of preserving America's endangered maritime heritage.

Records include chronologies of events related to the Sears Island project; correspondence from the Maine Congressional Delegation, the Sierra Club, and the EPA; copies of bills; and reports.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Railroads, 1979-1994, 10 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Records in this group document a number of issues concerning railway systems, particularly as they relate to Maine. Maine ranks high in the nation's pulp and paper production, and rail transportation is critically important for the delivery of these products. Rail passenger transportation, though it has decreased, has also been very important throughout the state. Some of the issues documented in these papers are: � The 1986 Maine Central Railroad labor dispute. Employees at Maine Central, owned by Guilford Transportation Industries (GTI), began a strike on March 3, 1986, and it quickly encompassed other railroads owned by Guilford. When the strike spread to the Conrail system in May, President Reagan established an Emergency Board to investigate the sources of the dispute. Records documenting this case and other issues and legal actions related to Guilford, (described in the Journal of Commerce (1/7/93) as a "contentious, litigious collection of small Northeastern carriers") are also included here. � The controversy during the 1990s concerning the abandonment of the Skinner-Vanceboro line of the Canadian Pacific Limited (CP). CP was losing $7 million a year on this line, and, as in every case of railway abandonment, the harm of abandonment to shippers and the community is weighed against the financial burden of continued operations. Cohen and the other members of the Maine Congressional Delegation strongly opposed this abandonment, and records concerning a hearing convened by the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) in Bangor about this case are included here. � The 1986 sale of the Federally owned Consolidated Rail Corporation (Conrail) - the preeminent freight-railroad system in the Northeast - to Norfolk Southern Corporation. A request for the authorization of this sale was expressed in S. 638, the first bill taken up by the Senate in 1986.

Records consist of correspondence, statements from members of the Maine Congressional Delegation, news articles, legal notices, petitions, briefs, and summaries.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2015. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Defense, 1977-1996, 138 boxes.

Cohen was a member of the U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee during each of his three terms in the Senate. He served as the Chair of the Sea Power and Force Projection Subcommittee from 1981 to 1986 and again from 1995 to 1996. He was Chair of the Strategic and Theater Nuclear Forces Subcommittee from 1981 to 1983. The roll of the Senate Armed Services Committee in defining the defense program grew during Cohen's years under the leadership of John Tower, Barry Goldwater, Sam Nunn, and Strom Thurmond. This period was also marked by extremes in the global political environment leading to dramatic changes in the nation's military requirements. Defense spending peaked in the mid 1980s and the committee took the roll of overseeing defense reorganization within a broad view of national security. A primary function of the Committee is authorization for the entire defense appropriations budget, an annual effort requiring research reports, hearings, and debates.

As was the practice of Maine Senators before him, Cohen actively pursued defense policy which would support economic development in Maine and participated in all aspects of the oversight role of the Senate Armed Services Committee. He and his staff focused extensively on foreign relations and intelligence as related to national defense; veterans as well as active duty personnel or manpower in the military; defense contractors worldwide; base closure review and defense conversion; defense reorganization and the changing nature of warfare; and other topics including many specifically corresponding to the different branches of the military.

The records in this subseries are arranged by subject area under a) Foreign Relations, b) Intelligence, c) Loring Air Force Base, and d) Veterans and by staff members names under e) James Bodner and Chris Mellon, f) James Dykstra, and g) Dale Gerry depending on the manner in which the issues were handled in the office.

Bodner and Mellon, 1983-1992, 4 boxes.

The Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC), under the chairmanship of Senator John Tower, held hearings in 1983 to review the organization of the Department of Defense. By 1985, Senator Barry Goldwater, then chair of the SASC, and ranking minority leader, Senator Sam Nunn, were taking the Committee's conclusions to the Senate floor in a series of speeches arguing for reorganization of the DoD which was eventually achieved through the Goldwater-Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986. Senator Bill Cohen, again with the support of Senator Sam Nunn, proposed legislation in 1986 to reform the U.S. military response to low intensity conflicts and unconventional warfare such as terrorism, insurgency, and guerrilla activities. Their amendment to the National Defense Authorization bill unified the special operations forces and established the office of Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low Intensity Conflict. As a member of the subcommittee on Seapower and Force Projection, which he chaired from 1983 until 1987 and later the Projection Forces and Regional Defense subcommittee, Cohen continued to monitor the DoD restructuring, particularly with regard to preparations for unconventional warfare.

Jim Bodner and Chris Mellon were Cohen's legislative assistants handling terrorism and defense reorganization issues for this period. Arranged chronologically, the materials in this subseries include testimony by Joint Chiefs of Staff with perspectives on reorganization from the different branches of the military, staff memos, talking points for Cohen's interviews and meetings, Dear Colleague letters seeking support for proposals, government publications on DoD reorganization, transcripts of hearings held to approve appointment of the first Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low Intensity conflict, and briefing books.

Access to most of the records in this subseries is restricted. Consult description for each sub-series or contact the Special Collections Department for further information.

James Dykstra, 1979-1990, 5 boxes.

Jim Dykstra worked on Cohen's staff dealing with defense-related issues, foreign affairs, and intelligence. With the defense materials in this subseries Dykstra assisted with matters related to the SASC subcommittees on Manpower and Personnel (1979-1987) and Sea Power and Force Projection (Cohen was chair 1981-1987) along with DoD reorganization and armed services spending oversight in the Government Affairs Committee. In 1982, the Manpower subcommittee held hearings on the Uniformed Services Former Spouses Protection Act, cosponsored by Cohen, to authorize payment from military pensions to the former spouses of members of the armed services. The measure passed as part of the Department of Defense Authorization Act.

The Senate Armed Services Committee conducts hearings to review presidential nominations for defense-related positions in the government. In 1989, President Bush nominated John Tower to be Secretary of Defense. The hearings included harsh investigations into Tower's personal life which resulted in allegations of abusive public drinking and womanizing. Many of the allegations were unsubstantiated, and Cohen was an outspoken supporter of his Senate colleague. Cohen questioned the processes by which the Senate approves presidental nominees.

Arranged alphabetically. Materials include transcripts of hearings conducted by Senate committees, staff memos, correspondence from constituents, Dear Colleague letters, talking points, news clippings, reports, and briefing books. Some of this material may have been created by Cohen staff members Mike Hastings and Jeff Minsky.

Access to the records in this subseries is restricted until 2011. Contact the Special Collections Department for further information.

Foreign Relations, 1977-1990, 17 boxes.

Cohen designated staff members to handle foreign relations aspects of defense issues arising in the Senate. The files are divided into four categories reflecting this specialization within his Senate office.

James Dykstra, 1977-1982, 2 boxes.

Cohen's yes vote on the sale of Airborne Warning and Control Systems (AWACS) to Saudi Arabia was controversial on Capitol Hill and at home in Maine within the Jewish community. He initially opposed the sale, agreeing that sophisticated weapons in the hands of an unstable government in the Middle East posed a threat to Israel. Two hours before the Senate vote in November 1981 he changed his mind, reasoning that if the arms sale had been blocked and the Middle East peace process failed, Israel would be blamed. Jim Dykstra's files reflect the development and media coverage of this issue.

The Senate Armed Services Committee takes an active interest arms control negotiations and agreements as they relate to the national defense. Cohen traveled to Europe with Senator Howard Baker and others in 1980 to visit NATO headquarters in Brussels and other NATO countries in order to understand issues facing the alliance including disagreements among members. Background materials related to SALT II reflect attention to this issue in Cohen's office beginning in 1977 on the House side. (For more Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty materials, see subseries SALT II.)

Arranged alphabetically. Materials include news clippings, statements, trip summaries, reports, articles, letters, government documents related to MX missiles, and briefing books for NATO, SALT II, and strategic weapons survivability.

SALT II, 1978-1982, 4 boxes.

During the 1970s and 1980s, the Soviet Union and the U.S. negotiated to limit various components of nuclear warfare such as delivery mechanisms (ICBMs) and actual warheads. The process was initiated with the first Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) resulting in the Anti Ballistic Missile treaty in May 1972. Almost immediately, discussions known as SALT II began, concluding with a signed agreement in 1979, but President Carter postponed ratification in 1980 due to lengthy Senate debate and the invasion of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union. Cohen, a freshman member of the Senate Armed Services Committee, took part in hearings throughout the debates in Congress. His staff covering Foreign Relations, Michael Hastings, developed extensive background files beginning in the House years and those files are included here. The files provide context for Cohen's proposals for legislation and policy related to nuclear build down and technology transfer in the early to mid 1980s.

Arranged alphabetically. Materials include research articles and clippings, reports and statements from the Carter Administration's Department of State and Department of Defense, research prepared by the Republican National Committee, briefing memos and hearing books, procedures for Treaty ratification, staff memos, and Cohen's handwritten notes.

Technology Transfer, 1979-1988, 2 boxes.

Cohen cosponsored bills to establish an Office of Strategic Trade in 1980 and 1982 in response to reports of the legal and illegal transfer of weapons technology from the U.S. to the Soviet Union. Some of the concern was focused on the academic exchange between the two countries. These efforts, along with the Export Administration Act of 1979 and amendments in 1983, improved the coordination of export control in the Department of Commerce and the Department of Defense. The Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs and the Committee on Governmental Affairs (of which Cohen was a member) reviewed the proposals. Staff member Peggy Weeks created the files for 1979 to 1983 with additions from Michael Hastings in 1979 and James Dykstra after 1983.

Arranged alphabetically. The files include briefing books, clippings and research articles, testimony, background files, staff memos, and Dear Colleague letters.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2009. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Robert Savitt and James Bodner, 1982-1990, 9 boxes.

Cold War defense build-up in the U.S. peaked under the Reagan administration, and the de-escalating of the arms race began. In 1983, Cohen cosponsored a nuclear build down resolution in support of annual arms reduction in the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. based on the principal that modernization of forces comes with the price of reduction of forces--each new warhead built would require destruction of two old warheads. The files in this subseries extensively document the debates surrounding other proposals for slowing the arms race including the Midgetmen, Minutemen, and MX missiles. Cohen's files also reflect Congress's oversight role in reviewing the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty of 1975.

In 1986, Cohen supported a compromise which would have made the $100,000 package for aid to the Nicaraguan democratic resistance contingent on reducing human rights violations and link it to progress on negotiations for democratic reforms. The measure passed without these changes. (See also subseries Bodner and Mellon in Foreign Relations for more on Nicaragua.

Arranged alphabetically. Files include, reports, transcripts of hearings, staff memos, news clippings, briefing books, and Cohen's statements.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2011. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Dale Gerry, 1976-1996, 68 boxes.

Dale Gerry worked for Senator Cohen in his Bangor district office in the mid 1970s and then in the Senate office as Legislative Assistant handling issues related to defense. From 1994 to 1996, he served as Legislative Director for Cohen. Because of the longevity of his career, the scope of this subseries is broad. The overarching theme for armed services during this time period was defense reorganization, which encompassed changes in the strategic forces to respond to more diverse threats, expansion of the role of women in the military, and an increased reliance on special forces. Arranged alphabetically by subject, most of the files are in the Armed Services subseries including categories such as Base Closures, Bath Iron Works, Military Construction, and Women in the Military. Two related subjects, Coast Guard and Merchant Marine, were maintained in separate subseries. Dale Gerry's files can also be found in Defense: Veterans, Defense: Loring Air Force Base, Project Files (1976-1985, also defense-related), and Commerce and Transportation.

Armed Services, 1976-1996, 62 boxes.

Dale Gerry's files parallel the activities of the Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC), of which Cohen was a member throughout his Senate career. This subseries details every aspect of Cohen's work with SASC and the subcommittees for projection forces, strategic forces, nuclear deterrence, and military personnel. Gerry also helped Cohen respond to constituent issues related to these topics. Highlights of the material include:

Base closure-The Base Realignment and Closure Commission met throughout 1991 and 1992 and concluded with recommendations to close six bases in the U.S. Cohen was not a member of the Commission, but he and his staff paid close attention to the process because of Loring Air Force Base in Maine. Gerry's files (5 linear ft.) cover the period 1988 to 1995 and include all the meeting minutes, hearing transcripts, reports and recommendations from the Secretary of Defense, fact sheets and assessments for the individual bases.

Confirmation hearings-The SASC conducts hearings to review presidential nominations for defense-related positions in the government. In 1989, President Bush nominated John Tower to be Secretary of Defense. (See James Dykstra subseries for more on the controversial Tower nomination.) In 1992, Les Aspin was confirmed and after he resigned in late 1993, William Perry was nominated and confirmed.

DOD Authorization-The SASC annually engages in a rigorous review of the Department of Defense Authorization bill prior to appropriations. Dale Gerry's files directly related to DOD Authorization span 1981 to 1993 (6 linear ft.). However, much of the material in the other Armed Services files resulted from the process of studying evidence for or against appropriations for specific technologies, projects, or contracts for the military.

Homosexuals in the military-In connection with his legislative responsibilities for military manpower and personnel issues, Gerry documented the deliberations over unit cohesion and the ban on gays in the military. Changes were made in July 1993 when Secretary of Defense Aspin implemented the so-called "don't ask don't tell" policy. The files include extensive research and legal history, clippings, letters to constituents, and a 500-page report, Sexual Orientation and U.S. Military Personnel Policy: Options and Assessment, prepared by the National Defense Research Institute.

Loring Air Force Base-Gerry's Loring files focus mainly on the legal challenge to the Commission's recommendation to close Loring in 1992. Cohen and the other members of the Maine delegation to Congress filed a lawsuit-along with several municipalities in Aroostook County and the Save Loring Committee-against officials of the Department of Defense and the Commission. The lawsuit specifically challenged the methods by which the Air Force reviewed Loring AFB. Gerry's files also include information on potential uses for the base after closure, such as the Junior Leadership Corp. (See more of Dale Gerry's files on Loring Air Force Base closure and reuse in the Loring Air Force Base subseries.)

Maine-Cohen and his staff frequently heard from Maine firms bidding on government contracts for defense or in negotiation with the defense department. At least twice, Cohen's office became involved in resolving disputes between government bureaucracy and private industry. The Maine companies include Bath Iron Works, Crowe Rope, Dumont Refrigeration, Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation, Gowen Marine, Fiber Materials Incorporated, Keyes Fiber, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Group, Saco Defense Inc., Tom Sawyer Inc., Tracor Marine, and Wallace Marine. Another Maine issue was Air National Guard low-level air training in military operations areas proposed for western and northern Maine in the early 1990s.

Projection forces-The U.S. military focus in the late 1980s through the 1990s emphasized expanding and modernizing conventional units such as fighter jets, aircraft carriers, helicopters, and air/sea lift craft. Cohen was chair of the Sea Power and Force Protection subcommittee monitoring this effort.

Women in the military-In 1987, Senators Cohen and Proxmire (D-WI) cosponsored a bill "to increase the combat support assignments open to women in the Armed Forces." Though the bill did not pass, the debate had a significant impact on Pentagon policies including increasing the number of billets open to women and improving sexual harassment training. Gerry's files on women in the military include two boxes of material he received from Senator Proxmire's staff when Proxmire retired from the Senate.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Coast Guard, 1979-1996, 3 boxes.

The United States Coast Guard, controlled within the Department of Transportation from 1967 to 2003 when it was transferred to the Department of Homeland Security, is concerned primarily with regulating commerce in the ports, enforcing fisheries laws, policing the coast, and facilitating safety at sea. Like the Merchant Marine, however, the Coast Guard is viewed as a supplement to the military. While this capacity may be the reason for the files being maintained by staff member Dale Gerry, many aspects of the Coast Guard's work in Maine were relevant to Cohen as a Senator. Maine has 3500 miles of coastline where commercial fishermen and recreational boaters rely on the Coast Guard for marine safety and where the Coast Guard has a prominent role in drug interdiction.

Materials in this subseries relate to: light houses in Maine; Maine businesses with Coast Guard contracts; consolidation of vessel documentation offices in Boston in early 1980s; constituent correspondence related to reductions in funding for Coast Guard; proposed reductions in navigational aids in 1982; and the reopening of the Eastport search and rescue station in1989 after a one year closure. Cohen and his staff followed Coast Guard funding and authorization measures closely and frequently provided testimony at hearings of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation and the Senate Appropriations Committee in favor of maintaining and expanding Coast Guard funding and programs.

Arranged alphabetically. Materials include correspondence, reports, clippings, memos, statements, hearing transcripts, and press releases.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Merchant Marine, 1980-1996, 3 boxes.

The merchant marine serves as a national resource for sea lift in times of war or emergency. As a senator from a state with a major shipbuilding company, a maritime academy, and three shipping ports, Cohen and his staff became actively involved in any related legislation and oversight. Some of the specific issues that arose during this period were: cargo preference requiring that the government reserve certain percentages of cargoes to American flag vessels; the effect of defense spending cuts on Maine people; the government-maintained training ship at Maine Maritime Academy and the Ready Reserve Force; the National Maritime Heritage Act sponsored by Senator Cohen in 1994; diversification at Bath Iron Works through improved technology and reaching out to international markets; foreign shipbuilding subsidies; and passenger vessel safety. Other staff members contributing to these files include Michael Hastings and Melanie DeMayo.

Arranged alphabetically, files include letters from industry trade organizations, reports, correspondence, news clippings, and staff memos.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Intelligence, 1980-1989, 2 boxes.

Cohen served on the Senate Select Intelligence Committee from 1983 to 1991 and again from 1995 to 1997. He was the ranking member during the 100th and 101st Congresses, 1987-1991. While the National Archives holds the official records of the Committee, these two boxes primarily reflect the intelligence-related work of Cohen's personal staff: application of the Freedom of Information Act with regard to classified documents; authorization to offer and pay a reward for information concerning terrorist activities; Congressional oversight of government intelligence operations; U.S. counterintelligence policy including legislation related to equity with Soviet intelligence cosponsored with Senator Leahy; military and economic events in Nicaragua; confirmation of CIA Director William Webster in 1987; and disputes over intelligence information allegedly leaked from the committee.

Jim Dykstra worked on Cohen's personal staff from 1979 to 1983 and worked on the Senate Select Intelligence Committee staff from 1983 to 1991, serving as staff director when Cohen was the ranking member. Mike Hastings also contributed to this sub-series. See related materials in the Senate: Legislative: Foreign Relations subseries and the Senate: Legislative: Iran-Contra Committee sub-series.

Arranged alphabetically. Materials include transcripts of hearings conducted by Senate committees, staff memos, correspondence, editorials, press releases, news clippings, and briefing books.

Access to the records in this subseries is restricted until 2010. Contact the Special Collections Department for further information.

Loring Air Force Base, 1976-1995, 17 boxes.

The military installation at Loring Air Force Base in Limestone, Aroostook County, Maine, became a high priority constituent issue for Cohen's office during the House and Senate years. Loring was closed in 1994 after the second round of base closures, but not without a tremendous fight from opposition in the state and the U.S. congressional delegation from Maine. The fight to keep Loring open and the efforts to convert the base to private sector uses are good examples of cooperation and coordination among members of Maine delegation to Washington including Cohen, Olympia Snowe, Edmund Muskie, and George Mitchell. Throughout its history as an active base and as a result of the transition to civilian uses, Loring and related issues were handled by various staff members in Cohen's office. The files in this series are divided into three categories reflecting the functional focus of the materials: Humphrey and Hastings were staff members working on Cases and Projects related to Loring; Closure and Reuse covers the activities for physically closing the base and readjusting to other economic uses; and Defense Conversion is the effort to switch companies from solely relying on defense contracts to more private contracts as the defense budget shrank at the end of the Cold War.

Hastings and Umphrey, 1976-1981, 2 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Files in this subseries created by Michael Hastings and Robert Umphrey, constitute an extension of Bob Umphrey's files in Senate: Legislative: Cases and projects which document Loring AFB activities from 1973 to 1978. In 1979, efforts by Senators Cohen and Ed Muskie and others on behalf of Loring over a period of several years resulted in rejection of the Department of Defense plan to reduce the force at the Limestone, Maine, installation. Instead, in October 1979, the DOD announced a plan to strengthen the base for strategic reasons. Material includes staff memos, reports, clippings, Save Loring Committee reports and minutes, and correspondence.

Closure and reuse, 1985-1995, 6 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Files created by Congressional staff members John Veroneau, Kathy Decoster and Dale Gerry. Loring Air Force Base survived the first attempt to close it in 1976 but was slated for closing in 1991, along with five other bases, after the Base Realignment and Closure Commission hearings. Cohen reacted by participating in a lawsuit-along with the other members of the Maine delegation to Congress, several municipalities in Aroostook County, and the Save Loring Committee-against officials of the Department of Defense and the Commission in an attempt to reverse the decision. The lawsuit specifically challenged the process used by the Air Force to review Loring AFB. (See files related to the base closure hearings and ensuing legal battles in the Dale Gerry sub-series of Senate: Legislative: Defense.) This effort failed, and the process of planning for readjustment, accomplishing an environmental cleanup, and finding new social and economic uses for the base began. Materials include hearing transcripts, testimony, policies regarding base closing procedures and costs, staff memos, joint letters and press releases from Maine's Washington, D.C. delegation, and defense reauthorization budgets for 1994.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2016. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Defense Conversion, 1987-1994, 4 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Files in this category were created by Kathy Decoster, John Veroneau, Dale Gerry, Cathy Mitani, Jim Bodner, and Kate Lambrew. In an effort parallel to the base closures, the government--in this case the Senate Armed Services Committee--worked to support conversion of defense contractors and former military bases to private sector commercial industry and community use. Cohen was on the SASC subcommittee for Defense Technology, Acquisition, and Industrial Base. He took a strong interest in defense conversion because so many Maine firms relied on defense contracts for survival. Conversion involved not only redirecting research and development to find alternative uses for bases and manufacturing companies, but facilitating the change with job training and community assistance. Records in this sub-series include hearing transcripts, staff memos, and Cohen's statements, as well as industry letters and brochures.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2015. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Veterans, 1977-1996, 8 boxes.

Veteran's affairs is a high priority constituent service issue for all Senators. With his parallel interests in defense, healthcare, and government oversight, Cohen followed veteran's issues closely. He was an advocate for veteran's services in Maine and worked, along with Senator George Mitchell, to correct problems with the treatment of PTSD patients at the Togus VA hospital in Maine in the mid 1980s. He supported legislation to expand veteran's education assistance, co-sponsored bills to enhance healthcare services provided by the Veteran's Administration, and fought on behalf of MIA/POW's and their families.

Staff members working on veteran's issues for Senator Cohen included Jim Dykstra, Jeff Kaelin, Jim Bodner, Dale Gerry, Melanie DeMayo, Sheila Gall, and Kathy DeCoster throughout the Senate years. The work was shared because veteran's issues touched on other issues such as health care and because of the complexity of the cases arising in veteran's affairs. Papers created by each of these staff members can also be found throughout the other subseries related to Defense.

Arranged alphabetically. Materials include transcripts of hearings conducted by Senate committees, staff memos, correspondence, speeches, news clippings, reports, Dear Colleague letters, lists of MIAs and POWs (1987), briefing books, and Cohen's handwritten notes.

Access to the records in this subseries is restricted until 2017. Contact the Special Collections Department for further information.

Education, 1983-1995, 21 boxes.

Records in this subseries focus on education issues, particularly as they relate to Cohen's Maine constituents. Subjects covered include vocational education, financial aid for students, literacy issues, and education for various disadvantaged groups. Some files on labor-related issues are also included here. The files are arranged into three subdivisions based on the work of the legislative assistants who created them: a) Winthrop Cashdollar and Libby Woodcock,1983-1990, b) Wendy Cramer, 1991-1992, and c) Kelly Metcalf, 1992-1995.

Winthrop Cashdollar and Libby Woodcock, 1983-1990, 6 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Winthrop Cashdollar worked with Senator Cohen circa 1983-1990 on education, aging, health, and welfare issues. Libby Woodcock worked with Cohen on education during the same period. Some of the issues represented here concern vocational education and education for the handicapped, migrants, and the disadvantaged (as outlined in Chapter 1 of the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act). Issues concerning Maine Indian Schools and IMPACT Aid (financial aid for federally-connected students) are also documented here.

Legislative initiatives include the 1990 reauthorization of the Perkins Act (S. 1109 and H.R. 7) and the 1987 Senate Resolution 157, which was introduced by Cohen to endorse continued funding for vocational education. Records include briefing memos, research reports, and correspondence with the Bureau of Indian Affairs and vocational education associations such as NASDVE (National Association of State Directors of Vocational Education).

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2011. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Wendy Cramer, 1991-1992, 6 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Wendy Cramer worked on education issues from 1991-1992. Kim Corthell and Priscilla Hanley also contributed to the files in this category. Some of the issues represented here focus on alcohol and drug education, student financial aid, school health education programs, and programs aimed at raising the aspirations of Maine students. Legislative initiatives include the America 2000 Excellence in Education Act of 1991, which was co-sponsored by Senator Cohen. This act was described by President George Bush as a national strategy designed to attain specific educational goals by the year 2000. Other legislative initiatives include the Elementary and Secondary Education bill (S. 2) and the1992 reauthorization of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (S. 1150). Files include copies of bills, articles and memos, research reports, correspondence, and copies of Cohen's statements.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2013. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Kelly Metcalf, 1992-1995, 9 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Kelly Metcalf worked on education, labor, and communications issues from 1992-1995. Files in this category focus on vocational education and various educational programs and legislative initiatives. Senator Cohen strongly supported "tech prep" education, which is a planned sequence of study in a technical field. One important legislative initiative he was involved with was the School-to-Work Opportunities Act, which was signed into law in 1994. Two provisions from Cohen's "tech prep" legislation were included in this bill. One allowed tech prep programs to begin in the ninth grade, and the other encouraged the involvement of colleges in the development of tech prep programs. Other legislative initiatives documented here include the reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) in 1994, and the National and Community Service Trust Act, signed into law by President Clinton in 1993. Other subjects covered include the high cost of college education, the reauthorization of Head Start in 1994, literacy, financial aid, and TRIO (Special Programs for Students from Disadvantaged Backgrounds). Records consist of memos, correspondence, copies of bills, and research reports. Memos related to constituent meetings on labor and education issues are also included here.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2016. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Energy, 1961-1996, 36 boxes.

Records in this subseries document attempts made by Senator Cohen and other members of the U.S. Congress to decrease New England's dependency on foreign oil by promoting the use of other sources of energy and by encouraging energy conservation and efficiency. Related issues concern the proposed reorganization of the Department of Energy in the early 1980s, problems posed by nuclear waste, energy assistance programs, and a long-standing controversy over the proposed Dickey-Lincoln power plant in northern Maine. The records are divided into four subdivisions based on the work of the legislative assistants who created them: a) Thomas Heyerdahl, 1961-1985, b) Carol Woodcock, 1979-1983, c) Katherine DeCoster, 1984-1991, and d) Wendy Cramer and David Wilby, 1991-1995.

Access to some of the records in the Energy series is restricted. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Thomas Heyerdahl, 1961-1985, 13 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Thomas Heyerdahl worked with Senator Cohen from 1974-1988, and was his legislative director from 1979-1988. The papers in this group are concerned solely with the Dickey-Lincoln power plant, a proposed hydroelectric power project on the St. John River in northern Maine. Consisting of two dams, it was designed to be a low-cost source of power for the state of Maine and New England. The Dickey-Lincoln project was debated for over fifteen years, and was opposed by Maine residents due to the prohibitive costs involved in its construction and operation, and its projected impact on the environment. The project was finally defeated in 1985.

Records in this group consist of a number of studies, design memorandums, environmental impact statements, and other reports about the Dickey-Lincoln project that were done by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and other organizations. Memos, news-clippings, correspondence, and records of public meetings are also included.

Carol Woodcock, 1979-1983, 14 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Carol Woodcock worked on housing and energy issues from 1979-1983. Timothy Woodcock also contributed to the files in this category. Some of the issues chronicled here are � A proposal to abolish the Department of Energy (DOE). After the fuel crisis of the mid-1970s, the continued utility of the DOE came into question. In 1981, President Reagan introduced a proposal to abolish the four year old department, in order to improve government efficiency and reduce costs. In line with this proposal, Senator Roth of Delaware introduced the Federal Energy Reorganization Act of 1982 (S. 2562), which was a bill to transfer the functions of the DOE to other agencies, and to establish the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) as an independent agency. A hearing was held on this bill by the Governmental Affairs Committee in September 1982. Concerned that the bill placed too much emphasis on developing nuclear power at the expense of other energy resources, Senator Cohen introduced an amendment to S.2562 which called for a balanced energy policy and a strong commitment to energy research and development. � A plan submitted by International Generation and Transmission of New Hampshire in 1979 to import Canadian electrical power. This was an attempt to relieve New England of its dependence on imported oil through the use of hydro and nuclear generated electricity from Canada. � Problems related to nuclear power, and the disposal of nuclear waste. The 1979 nuclear accident on Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania prompted Maine citizens to be concerned about the possible dangers of living near the Maine Yankee nuclear power plant in Wiscasset, Maine. Records about this are included here, as are legislative initiatives such as the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982, which became public law in 1983. This law confirmed the responsibility of the U.S. Department of Energy to manage high-level radioactive waste. � Energy assistance funding and weatherization programs.

Records include legislative memos which provide summaries of a number of energy issues, hearing materials, newspaper clippings, and correspondence from Cohen's colleagues and energy organizations.

Katherine DeCoster, 1984-1991, 12 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Katherine DeCoster worked on energy, environment, and housing issues from 1984 to 1991. Records in this group document issues such as � The residential energy tax credit. The first proposal Cohen sponsored while he was in the U.S. House of Representatives called for giving income tax credits to homeowners who invested in energy-saving measures for their homes. In 1984, the energy credits were imperiled when the Senate Finance Committee voted to repeal them. Cohen introduced a bill that managed to save them, therefore sending out a strong message about the importance of practicing energy conservation. � The difficulties involved with the storage and disposal of nuclear waste. In 1986, the DOE released a draft Area Recommendation Report proposing 12 sites as potentially acceptable high-level nuclear waste repositories. Two of these sites were in the state of Maine. Correspondence from individual citizens and groups protesting these sites are included here. Cohen co-sponsored the Nuclear Protections and Safety Act of 1987 (S. 1085), designed to establish an independent oversight board to ensure the safety of nuclear facilities. � The rise in home heating oil prices. The Governmental Affairs Committee conducted a hearing on home heating oil prices in January 1990. The price of oil escalated even further after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in August of that year. � Government energy efficiency. In 1991, Cohen co-sponsored the Government Energy Efficiency Act (S. 1040), which was a bill to provide a Government-wide comprehensive energy management plan for Federal agencies. � Fuel efficiency, fuel price increases, and the use of synthetic fuels.

Records include legislative memos, newspaper clippings, Cohen's statements made at several Governmental Affairs hearings, and "Dear Colleague" letters.

Wendy Cramer and David Wilby, 1991-1996, 7 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Wendy Cramer worked on energy issues from 1991-1993, and David Wilby worked on them from 1993-1996. Records in this group document issues such as � Energy conservation, efficiency, and assistance. Cohen was a strong advocate for the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP). In 1993, he protested proposals by the Department of Health and Human Services to significantly reduce this funding, and in 1994 he urged the Department of Health and Human Services to release emergency fuel funds to provide needed assistance to Maine citizens who were affected by the unusually cold winter. � Controversy over the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. Due to a federal Wilderness designation, nearly half of this refuge (8 million acres) was closed to development. In 1987, the Department of the Interior concluded that the Coastal Plain area of the Refuge was the nation's "best single opportunity to increase domestic oil production." Records here document the controversy over this proposal, and efforts made by environmental groups to block drilling on the Coastal Plain. � The National Energy Security Act of 1991 (S. 1220). This act was designed to strike a balanced approach to energy problems by striving to reduce energy consumption and raise domestic energy production. Title XV of this act included much-debated provisions concerning the reform of a 56 year old law entitled the Public Utility Holding Company Act. This reform was designed to bring competition to the generation of wholesale electric power, and protests concerning this came from several quarters.

Records consist of correspondence from organizations such as the National Wildlife Federation, the League of Conservation Voters, and the National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners, as well as memos, news-clippings, and reports.

Environment, 1976-1996, 65 boxes.

Katherine DeCoster, who worked on environment issues from 1983-1991, created the bulk of the files in this subseries. She also worked on energy and housing issues. Other staff members who contributed to the records in this subseries are Jean Streeter, who worked on environment issues from 1979-1982, and Carol (Hicks) Woodcock, who handled environment, energy, forestry, and housing issues from 1977-1983. David Wilby, Wendy (Rice) Cramer, and Kate Lambrew, in addition to working on energy and education issues, also contributed to these files. Records related to the Maine Indian Land Claims Settlement Act of 1980 are also a part of this series, and were created by Timothy Woodcock who worked with Cohen from 1979-1983, and was staff director for the Select Committee on Indian Affairs from 1981-1983. Files related to environmental issues may also be found in the Energy and Commerce subseries.

Records in this subseries are arranged into seven subdivisions: a) General Records, b) Air Pollution, c) Animal Welfare and Wildlife, d) Land and Resource Management, e) Ocean and Coastal Resources, f) Waste Management and Clean-up, and g) Water Pollution.

Access to records in the Environment sub-series is restricted. See information in subseries description. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

General Records, 1979-1996, 11 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Files in this subseries document subjects such as Cohen's environmental record, the efforts made in the early 1990s to elevate the Environmental Protection Agency to Cabinet status, and the UN Conference on the Environment and Development (UNCED) which took place in Brazil in 1992. There are also hearing records on the use of organotin-bearing paint on boats, requests to the Senate Appropriations Committee for funding for various environmental projects, and files on Maine weather service stations.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Air Pollution, 1979-1996, 4 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. This subseries covers subjects such as acid rain (particularly in regard to its effects on forests), global warming, hydrocarbon emissions, and the Clean Air Act (which Cohen consistently supported). Records include copies of bills; reports from the Sierra Club, the National Clean Air Coalition, and the EPA; newsclippings; and press releases and statements.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2016. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Animal Welfare and Wildlife, 1979-1996, 4 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. This subseries deals with various legislative efforts made to protect endangered species, ensure the proper treatment of laboratory animals, and develop wildlife sanctuaries. A bill to designate certain lands in Alaska as wilderness (H.R. 4922, 1986), and a bill to reauthorize the Endangered Species Act (S. 725, 1985) are two legislative initiatives mentioned here. Records include copies of bills, newsletters and correspondence from advocacy groups such as the International Fund for Animal Welfare, and reports from the Congressional Research Service.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2016. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Land and Resource Management, 1979-1996, 31 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. This subseries deals with a variety of issues concerning the use and development of land and cultural resources in Maine. Records include the 1988 Northern Forest Lands Study, which was conducted by the U.S. Forest Service to assess the impact of potential land ownership changes in the northern regions of New England and New York. Other issues covered are wetlands protection, the timber industry, and a number of issues pertaining to Native Americans. The Maine Indian Claims Settlement Act of 1980 (S. 2829) was sponsored by Senator Cohen, and it resolved the large claims to land that were raised by the Penobscot and Passamoquoddy tribes in the early 1970s. The Aroostook Band of Micmacs were omitted from this action until 1991, when Sen. Cohen introduced S. 374, a settlement act which rectified the omission. Further legal issues that arose during the 1990s concerning the land claims settlement act and the Passamoquoddy and Penobscot tribes are also documented in this subseries.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2017 with the exception of two boxes on the Maine Indian Land Claims settlement which are open. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Ocean and Coastal Resources, 1979-1996, 3 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Records in this subseries document Congress' struggle over the leasing of offshore tracts for oil and gas drilling, and a national debate on the funding of coastal zone management programs. Some files on Georges Bank, a highly productive fishing area off the coast of Maine, are found in this subseries. Other files related to Georges Bank and the Gulf of Maine may be found in the Commerce subseries, under the Fisheries category.

Records include reports from the U.S. Dept. of the Interior on undeveloped coastal barriers, regulation reports from the General Accounting Office concerning the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, and background material on the Coastal Barrier Resources Act (S. 1018, 1982). This act, designed to protect and conserve fish and wildlife resources, was co-sponsored by Senator Cohen and signed into law in October, 1982.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2014. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Waste Management and Clean-up, 1979-1996, 6 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, (otherwise known as Superfund), was the first Federal law designed to address the potential environmental health hazards associated with waste sites. Cohen co-sponsored this act, and the bulk of the material in this subseries deals with Superfund initiatives that took place throughout Maine. Files related to how and where trash is transported, processed, recycled and disposed (flow-control legislation) are also found in this series. Cohen supported the Flow Control Act of 1995 (S. 3998), as well as 1995 amendments to the Solid Waste Disposal Act (S. 534).

Records include reports and correspondence from the EPA, the Maine Municipal Association, and the Eastern Maine Development Corporation, as well as copies of bills, briefing memos, newsclippings, CRS reports, and "Dear Colleague" letters.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Water Pollution, 1979-1996, 6 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. These files record some of the difficulties encountered by Maine paper companies to re-license their hydroelectric dams, due largely to the stringent water quality standards required by the Clean Water Act. Indian land claims issues surrounding the licensing of the Bowater Dam in Maine are also documented here. Legislative efforts made to ensure safe drinking and ground water, such as the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1995 (S. 1316), the Ground Water Safety Act of 1987, and the Clean Water Act amendments of 1981 and 1987, are also documented in this subseries.

Records include copies of bills, Maine Congressional Delegation correspondence with the EPA and the Department of the Interior, newsclippings, and research reports.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Foreign Relations, 1977-1996, 15 boxes.

In Cohen's Senate office, a range of topics qualified as foreign relations in addition to foreign policy issues, and these were managed separately from the Defense: Foreign Relations issues. Staff members Jim Dykstra, Chris Mellon, Bob Savitt, Sheila Gall, Matthew Ballard, and Ben Neaderland maintained the files. The following groups of materials are organized in chronological order, though there is some overlap both in time and subject. The files within each subseries are arranged alphabetically.

Record types include correspondence, staff memos, press releases, trip itineraries, reports, Congressional Research Service reports, Dear Colleague letters, clippings, hearing transcripts, and handwritten notes.

James Dykstra, 1977-1990, inclusive1979-1985, bulk, 5 boxes.

Legislative Assistant James Dykstra worked on Foreign Relations primarily from 1979 to 1985 for Cohen's office. His files reflect the Senator's interest in the growing global interdependence of nations and economies-travel abroad, co-sponsorship of legislation related to foreign policy, international conferences, and human rights advocacy around the world. Cohen paid particular attention to the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977, the views of his pro-Israeli constituency in the late 1970s and early 1980s, Middle East peace negotiations throughout the 1980s, and Central American politics. In 1980, he served on the Commission on United States Policy Toward the Soviet Union sponsored by the Council on Foreign Relations. In 1981, he authored a report entitled, "Global Interdependence of the U.S. and Western Europe: A Case Study of the Persian Gulf and the Iran-Iraq War."

Access to the records in this subseries is restricted until 2011. Contact the Special Collections Department for further information.

James Bodner and Chris Mellon, 1985-1991, 5 boxes.

Chris Mellon and Jim Bodner's files for this period are dominated by four topics: Nicaragua, the Persian Gulf, apartheid in South Africa, and terrorism.

In 1985, President Reagan, proposed and Congress approved, over $100 million in aid to the democratic resistance movement in Nicaragua in their effort to defeat a leftist Sandinista regime supported by the Soviet Union. Accusations of misuse of the funds prompted controversy that threatened the dispersal of the remaining $40 million in aid in 1986. At the same time, investigations had begun into the possible illegal solicitation by the Reagan administration of foreign aid for the "Contras." Cohen was to have a significant role in the hearings which began in May 1997 in the Senate Armed Services Committee (see Iran Contra subseries). Background information and some of Cohen's statements are included here.

The Persian Gulf "troubles" covered in these files began with Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in the summer of 1990. Operation Desert Shield brought together a multi-national force to prevent Saddam Hussein's troops from continuing on to invade Saudi Arabia. In December 1990, hearings were being held in the Armed Services Committee to debate the next step. The transcripts in include statements by Gen. Colin Powell, Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney, and Henry Kissinger. The files include Cohen's extensive handwritten notes from these hearings.

The United States Congress, overriding a veto from President Reagan, opposed the South African policy of apartheid in 1986 with economic sanctions. In 1989, the House passed a measure to strengthen sanctions, including the immediate ban on American firms doing business in South Africa, but the bill failed to reach the Senate floor for a vote. Chris Mellon's comprehensive research files and memos document the many proposals, statements and debates on U.S. policy toward South Africa.

Cohen sponsored legislation "to combat terrorism and other forms of unconventional warfare" (S. 2453) in 1986 with 27 co-sponsors. The Armed Services Committee's Subcommittee on Sea Power and Force Projection, chaired by Cohen, held hearings.

Access to the records in this subseries is restricted until 2012. Contact the Special Collections Department for further information.

Sheila Gall and Matthew Ballard, 1986-1994, 4 boxes.

Sheila Gall followed Chris Mellon in working with Jim Bodner on foreign relations. She handled issues related to several countries as well as the United Nations, world hunger, human rights and terrorism. Matthew Ballard inherited her files and continued on the same topics in the mid 1990s. The files cover: Robert Gates confirmation as Director of Central Intelligence in 1991; Operation Restore Hope in Somalia in 1992-1994; Cohen's membership in the Strategic Study Group at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy following the Gulf War; State Department reorganization in 1993; spending for counter-terrorism; the Israeli Enterprise Fund and loan guarantees; and the embargo on Haiti in 1993. Each file relates to the 1990s with the exception of files on Nicaragua and South Africa from the late 1980s.

Access to the records in this subseries is restricted until 2015. Contact the Special Collections Department for further information.

Ben Neaderland, 1994-1996, 1 box.

Ben Neaderland worked with Jim Bodner on foreign relations during Cohen's final two years in the Senate. His files consist of memos and research providing country-specific background information for meetings, interviews, or votes-some were addressed to Jim Bodner as summaries of issues for Bodner to discuss with Cohen. In several cases, the memos advise Cohen to participate in Dear Colleague letters such as one about an amendment which would lift an embargo restricting needed humanitarian aid for Azerbaijan.

Access to the records in this subseries is restricted until 2017. Contact the Special Collections Department for further information.

Fiscal Affairs, 1977-1996, 23 boxes.

The files in this category are arranged into three groups: a) Banking, 1977-1996, b) Budget, 1981-1996, and c) Taxes, 1981-1995. There is overlap in subject matter among these categories. Records in this subseries include memos, news releases, Cohen's statements, copies of bills, resolutions, and "Dear Colleague" letters.

Banking, 1977-1996, 3 boxes Arranged alphabetically. Files in this category were created by Susan Collins, Eben Adams, Matt Ballard, and Kate Lambrew. The recession of 1991 put banks in New England under considerable stress, and these files record efforts made by the U.S. Congress to assist them. At the same time there were a number of failures of savings and loan institutions, many of which were due to speculative and fraudulent activity. These failures resulted in higher taxes for many, and Cohen introduced S. 955, the State Thrift Deposit Insurance Act of 1991, which was an effort to require those states with a history of excessive S and L losses to pay an added premium in order to continue receiving Federal deposit insurance protection.

Budget, 1981-1996, 9 boxes Arranged chronologically. These files, created by John Veroneau, document efforts made by Cohen and other members of the U.S. Congress to eliminate the federal budget deficit. Attempts to establish a constitutional amendment to balance the budget were made in 1982 and 1986, but Cohen did not support these efforts because he felt that Congress could address the deficit without the aid of a constitutional amendment. In 1992, he supported a balanced budget amendment for the first time, and it was defeated in June of that year. In 1993, he joined three other Senators in a bipartisan effort to reduce the budget deficit through significant spending cuts and fewer tax increases. In 1995, he praised the Budget Reconciliation Act (S. 1357), but was the lone Republican to vote against this bill because he did not feel that the tax cuts it called for should be mixed with efforts to balance the budget. In 1996, he was a member of another bipartisan effort, made up of 22 Senators, to craft a seven-year balanced budget agreement. General files about Maine's economy, including an economic history of Maine written in 1989, are also found here.

Taxes, 1981-1995, 11 boxes Arranged alphabetically. Mary Gerwin handled tax issues from 1981-1984, and John Veroneau handled them until he became legislative director in 1994. Records in this category cover a variety of tax-related subjects, such as President Reagan's 1985 tax reform proposal. The goal of this proposal was to achieve tax simplicity and fairness for all taxpayers, and its effects on different groups, such as small businesses, are discussed. This proposal resulted in the Tax Reform Act (H.R.3838), which was signed into public law in October 1986. Other topics include a 1985 debate on an oil import fee, Cohen's support of a 1989 tax credit for the construction and rehabilitation of low-income housing, and files on luxury, kerosene, gas and corporate taxes.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Government, 1979-1996.

During his service in the U.S. Congress, Cohen perceived a high level of cynicism and disillusionment on the part of the American public towards the bureaucratic nature of the Federal government and the integrity of public officials. His career is marked by a number of efforts aimed at making Congress, and the Federal government in general, a stronger and more effective institution. This subseries consists of Cohen's records from his service in three areas: a) the Committee on Governmental Affairs, b) the Joint Committee on the Organization of Congress, and c) other congressional reform efforts, including campaign finance reform.

Committee on Governmental Affairs, 1979-1996, 51 boxes.

William S. Cohen was a member of the Committee on Governmental Affairs from 1979-1997. During this time, he served on the Subcommittee on the Oversight of Government Management as either Chair or ranking member. While serving on the Oversight Subcommittee, he was responsible for many legislative initiatives geared towards reforming the government's procurement process and combating Federal fraud and dishonesty. Cohen introduced many of these initiatives with Senator Carl Levin from Michigan.

The bulk of the files in this subseries were created by Kim Corthell, who worked with Cohen on the Oversight Subcommittee from 1978-1996. Mary Gerwin, (counsel to the Oversight Subcommittee from 1981-1986 and minority staff director from 1987-1991), Jeffrey Minsky, Paulina Collins, and Margaret Weeks also contributed. The files are arranged into two general chronological categories and then alphabetized within each of these categories: a) 1979-1986 and b) 1987-1997. There is overlap on some of the dates in each category.

Governmental Affairs, 1979-1986, 19 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. These files document a number of legislative initiatives introduced by Cohen which were aimed at reforming Federal purchasing practices. They are: � The Anti-Kickback Enforcement Act of 1986 (S. 2250). This act was designed to strengthen federal law prohibiting subcontractor kickbacks in government procurement. � The Civilian Agency Multiyear Contracting Act of 1984 (S. 2300). This authorized civilian procuring agencies to enter into multi-year contracts. � The Competition in Contracting Act. This act was introduced by Cohen in 1982 as S. 2127 and again in 1983 as S.338. It produced major reform in procurement practices by promoting an increase in competition in government contracting. � The Program Fraud Civil Remedies Act of 1986 (S. 1134). This act was introduced by Cohen to combat fraud in federal programs. � Cohen also supported the 1983 reauthorization of the Office of Federal Procurement Policy, which fostered improvements in federal procurement practices.

Other files in this category deal with the constitutionality of the special prosecutor provisions of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 and the 1982 amendments to this act, introduced by Cohen as S. 2059. These amendments changed the name "special prosecutor" to "independent counsel" (to remove the Watergate connotation of an investigation), and outlined the responsibilities of the Attorney General in conducting investigations. Social security disability amendments, the reauthorization of the Office of Government Ethics, and the formulation of legislation dealing with computer security and computer matching are some of the other issues documented in these files.

Records include briefing material for hearings, GAO and CRS reports on procurement practices, responses to Cohen's requests for comments on his legislation from individuals in the Federal government and in the contracting industry; Cohen's statements and speeches; copies of bills; and various reports from the Oversight Committee on pending legislation.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Governmental Affairs, 1987-1997, 32 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Records in this category document efforts Cohen made to improve aviation safety, reauthorize the office of independent counsel, review the process by which Federal courthouses were constructed, and streamline Federal acquisition laws. The effect of political influence on the procurement process was also examined in an investigation of government contracts with the Wedtech Corporation.

In response to reports issued by the National Transportation Safety Board suggesting that poor FAA surveillance was a contributing factor in several airplane crashes, Cohen conducted a 1995 investigation of the Federal Aviation Administration's inspection system. As a result of this investigation, he called a hearing to investigate reports of inspection lapses. Reports, questionnaires, hearing material, and other kinds of data related to this investigation and other airline safety investigations are included in this category.

In 1993, Cohen conducted a review of government contracting practices pertaining to computer-related purchases. As part of this review, he sent questionnaires to a number of Federal agencies in order to survey how they purchased computers. In October, 1994 he published the results of this survey in a report entitled Computer Chaos. In 1995, Cohen introduced S. 946, the Information Technology Management Reform Act, which implemented the findings and recommendations as reported in Computer Chaos. This Act became effective in August 1996 and it reformed the way the Federal government buys computers. It was also Cohen's last legislative victory before his retirement from the Senate. Records related to the formulation of the Information Technology Management Reform Act include questionnaires and responses, a copy of Computer Chaos, bills, memos, and other kinds of background material.

Other legislative initiatives mentioned in this category are: � The Federal Acquisition Streamlining Act of 1993 (S. 1587). This was designed to simplify the Federal procurement process. � The Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1993 (S. 349). This act required that lobbying activities of "special interests" be disclosed to the public. � S. 928, which was a bill designed to improve the cost-effectiveness of Federal property management. It especially addressed the expensive process of building Federal courthouses.

The reauthorization of the Office of the Independent Counsel was a recurring issue. Files related to the 1987 Independent Counsel Reauthorization Act (S. 1293), and the 1993 Independent Counsel Reauthorization Act (S. 24), both introduced by Senators Cohen and Levin, are included here.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Joint Committee on the Organization of Congress, 1991-1993, 7 boxes.

In 1992, Congress passed the Boren-Domenici resolution (co-sponsored by Senator Cohen) which called for the creation of a Joint Committee on the Organization of Congress. Some of the factors that made 1992 a prime time for Congressional reform were the more than 100 change-oriented new members of Congress, public criticism of the institution following many scandals, and a viable third party candidate, Ross Perot, whose popular support challenged the institution.

The Joint Committee on the Organization of Congress was made up of six Republicans and six Democrats each from the Senate and the House as well as the Republican and Democratic leader of each chamber. Cohen was one of the six Senate Republicans named by Minority Leader Robert Dole to serve on the committee. The committee was charged with making a "full and complete" study of the operation and organization of Congress with a view toward strengthening its effectiveness, simplifying its operations, improving its relationships with and oversight of other branches of government, and improving the orderly consideration of legislation. Some of the issues the committee examined were the committee structure, staff and scheduling, ethics rules, and the budget process. The committee was in session from November 1992 until December 1993, at which time a final report was issued. The Legislative Reorganization Act of 1994 was introduced in February as a result of the committee's deliberations.

Records in this category were created by David Wilby, who worked with Senator Cohen from 1991-1997 on this committee and on a number of other issues, such as the environment, energy, congressional reform, election law, and Indian affairs. The files in this category consist largely of hearing materials, which are arranged chronologically. They include testimonies given by individuals on several aspects of Congressional reform, hearing summaries, briefing memos, and correspondence. Background materials, which include reports prepared for this committee on topics such as the jurisdictional evolution of House and Senate Committees, committee reorganization, and budget reform, are also included.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2014. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Congressional Reform, 1979-1996, 6 boxes.

Records in this category deal with several aspects of congressional reform, especially campaign finance reform. Files fall into two general subdivisions, and are arranged alphabetically in each subdivision. The material in the first group (two boxes), dates from 1979-1988, and was created by Tom Heyerdahl, Bob Savitt, and Christian Zur. Subjects covered include campaign finance, ethics, franking, and the Keating Five, a term which refers to the involvement of five U.S. Senators in a scandal involving a savings and loan association. The material in the second group (the last four boxes), dates from 1989-1996, and it was created by David Wilby. Some of the subjects covered are campaign finance, ethics, salaries, perks, gifts, and term limits. Several files concerning U.S. Senator Robert Packwood, who resigned his seat in 1995 after the Select Committee on Ethics recommended his expulsion for sexual misconduct, are also in this group.

Records consist of correspondence, memos, newsclippings, and newsletters from Common Cause, a citizen's lobbying organization promoting accountable government.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2016. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Housing, 1978-1996, 19 boxes.

Files in this series reflect housing issues as they relate to Maine citizens, particularly in regard to the aged, the homeless, and Native Americans. The records are arranged into two subdivisions, based on the work of the legislative assistants who created them: a) Carol Woodcock, 1978-1983, and b) Katherine DeCoster, 1983-1996.

Access to records in the Housing sub-series is restricted. See information in sub-series level description. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Carol Woodcock, 1978-1983, 7 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Carol (Hicks) Woodcock worked with Senator Cohen from 1977-1983 on housing, energy, environment, and forestry issues. Jean Streeter also contributed to some of the files in this category.

During the 1980s, the Department of Housing and Urban Development funded many housing and community development projects throughout the country. Many of the files in this series concern HUD funded projects in the state of Maine, as well as housing projects funded by the Farmers Home Administration of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. As Chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Indian Affairs from 1981-1983, Cohen conducted several hearings on Indian housing issues. He convened a hearing on the Indian Housing Act of 1982 (S. 2847), in order to scrutinize this legislation with reference to both Indian affairs and an emerging national policy on housing. Cohen co-sponsored the Indian Housing Act of 1983 (S. 856), which called for an Indian Housing Program. Cohen was also the Chairman of the Senate Special Committee on Aging, and many of the files in this series reflect his concerns about housing for the elderly, such as the Elderly Home Equity Bill, which he introduced in 1983.

Materials consist of briefing memos, reports, newsclippings, and applications for Urban Development Action Grants (UDAG), which were administered by HUD. Correspondence and reports from the Maine State Housing Authority, the National Association of Home Builders, and letters of support from Cohen to HUD concerning applications for grants are also found in this subseries.

Box

Aging Committee Hearing on Housing, 1982-83.

Auburn Housing Authority, 1978-80.

Bath Iron Works, 1982.

Biddeford Housing, 1981-82.

Brewer Housing Projects, 1982.

Brooke-Cranston Emergency Home Purchase Act, 1980.

Brunswick Congregate Housing, 1982.

Housing Budget Cuts, 1981-82.

Budget (General), 1984.

Census of Population and Housing, 1984.

Centreville Commons, Housing Project- Lewiston, 1981-82.

Concurrent Budget Resolution, 1982-83.

Congegrate Housing, 1982.

Correspondence Housing, 1981-83.

Downeast Housing Associates, Eastport Project, 1981.

Due on sale clippings, 1982.

General Economic Statements, 1982, 2 folders.

Elderly Home Equity, 1982-83.

Box

Employee Retirement Income Security Act Amendments, 1981.

Equity Sharing- Elderly Housing, 1982.

Extension- Housing Authorization, 1983.

Farmer's Home Administration Allocation Formula, 1983, 2 folders.

Farmer's Home Administration- Manchester Housing project, 1981-82.

Farmer's Home Administration- Allagash Housing Project, 1982.

Farmer's Home Administration- Rental Assistance, 1983, 2 folders.

Federal Housing Administration Revitalization Act, 1981.

Federal Housing Association Guarantee Programs, 1981-82.

Financing Adjustment Factor, 1981.

Fiscal Year Budget (General Information), 1983.

Garn Proposal: Reorganize Financial Institutions, 1982.

Section 202, Heinz Bill, 1982.

Home Equity Conversion Spector Bill, 1982-83.

Home Mortgage Disclosure Act and Redlining, 1980.

Housing Bail-Out Proposals, 1982.

Housing Budget Request, 1983, 2 folders.

Housing and Community Development Act, 1980.

Box

Housing and Community Development Act, S. 1338, 1983, 3 folders.

Housing Legislation, 1979, 2 folders.

Housing Legislation- 2nd Session, 1982.

Housing Market, 1982.

Housing Organizations, 1983.

Housing Outlook, 1983.

Housing Representatives, meetings, 1977-81.

Housing and Urban Development 235 Program, 1980.

Housing and Urban Development Appropriations, 1980.

Housing and Urban Development-Centreville, 1980-81.

Housing and Urban Development-Deregulation of Rents for Federally Insured Project, 1982.

Housing and Urban Development-Rental Increases, 1982.

Housing and Urban Development-New Initiatives, 1982.

Housing and Urban Development-Occupancy Rules for Section 8 of HUD Program, 1983.

Housing and Urban Development Appropriations Bill, 1983.

Housing and Urban Development- Census: Minority Requirements, 1983.

Housing and Urban Development- Census: Mortgage Sale- Section 202, 1983.

Box

Housing and Urban Development Appropriations Fiscal Year 1983, 1983.

Indian Housing Act, 1982, 10 folders.

Indian Housing Act, 1983.

Box

Lugar Housing Proposal, 1982, 2 folders.

Madawaska Housing, 1981-82.

Maine State Housing Authority Bond Issue, 1982.

Mathias Mortgage Reduction Bill, 1983.

Mitchell Housing Bill (S.2277), 1982.

Mortgage Foreclose Legislation, 1983.

Mortgage Interest Deductions, 1981.

Mortgage Subsidy Bond Tax Act, 1979.

New Community Development Block Grant Reductions, 1982.

New England Non-Profit Housing Development Corporation, n.d..

National Apartment Association, 1984.

National Association of Homebuilders, 1981.

National Housing Act Amendment, 1982.

National Housing Week, 1982-83.

New Federalism, 1983.

No-cost, no-subsidy housing bill, 1982.

Older Americans' Housing Demonstration Act, 1982.

100 State Street Housing- Portland, Maine, 1981.

Park-Danforth Housing project, 1981-82.

Pejepscot Housing Inc., 1981.

Pleasant Point Passamaquoddy Housing Authority., 1978-82, 4 folders.

Box

Presidental Commission on Housing., 1981.

President's Fiscal Year Budget Housing Programs, 1983.

Presque Isle- Housing State of the Art, 1982.

Housing Proposed Budget Cuts, 1981-82, 2 folders.

Public Housing, 1981-82.

Public Housing Authorities, 1981.

Reagan's New Federalism, 1982.

Reconciliation Bill- Housing, 1981.

Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, 1981.

Realtors, 1980-82.

Realtors, 1983.

Residental Mortgage Investment Act, 1982.

Riegle Bill (S. 2483), 1982.

Section 8 Housing Legislation, 1980.

Section 202 Direct Loan Program for Housing for Elderly and Handicapped- Extensions, 1982.

Senator Dodd's Multifamily Housing Development Bill, 1982.

Small Cities Community Development Program, 1981-82.

State of Maine Home Equity Development Project, 1980-83.

Box

Tax Cut, 1981.

Housing- Tax Incentives for Saving, 1981.

Thank-You Letters, 1983-84.

Bangor Urban Development Action Grant, 1982.

City of Bath-Urban Development Action Grant, 1979-81.

Lewiston-Urban Development Action Grant- Poultry, 1982.

Munjoy Hill Housing Project,Urban Development Action Grant Application, city of Portland, Maine, July 29, 1982.

Congress Square, Urban Development Action Grant, Portland, 1980-81 .

Urban Development Action Grant, Portland, 1981 .

Urban Development Action Grant, Saco Industrial Park, 1982-83 .

Winterhaven Apartments- Augusta, 1982.

Wyandotte Industries, OSHA Inquiry, 1980-81.

Katherine DeCoster, 1983-1996, 12 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Katherine DeCoster worked with Cohen from 1983-1991 on housing, energy, and environment issues. Jennifer Goldthwait, Kate Lambrew, and Paulina Collins also contributed to the files in this subseries.

During the 1980s and 1990s, the rising cost of housing prevented many Maine citizens from affording conventional home loans. As a result, housing in Maine was financed largely by federal funds. The files in this subseries contain applications for Housing Development Action Grants (HODAG) and Urban Development Action Grants (UDAG) (both administered by HUD), and requests for housing loans from the Farmers Home Administration (FmHa) (administered by the Dept. of Agriculture). There are also files related to the Low Income Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), designed to offer heating assistance to qualified residents. Other files deal with mobile home standards, rental assistance for the elderly, and homeless shelters in Maine.

Significant legislative initiatives include the Rural Homelessness Assistance Act (S. 2181), co-sponsored by Senator Cohen and designed to establish a $30 million grant program to assist rural communities in providing shelter, health, and social services to the homeless. Cohen also co-sponsored the National Affordable Housing Act of 1990 (S. 566), intended to authorize a new corporation to support efforts for achieving more affordable housing. Records in this subseries include Cohen's correspondence with HUD on behalf of his constituents, briefing memos, reports, copies of bills, and applications.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Iran-contra Committee, 1984-1992, 8 boxes.

The Iran-contra affair refers to certain related events that began in early 1985 when Robert McFarlane, head of the National Security Council (NSC), became involved in the sale of arms to Iran. He believed that such a sale would secure the release of Americans who were being held captive in Lebanon by Iranian terrorist groups. A portion of the money that Iran paid for the arms was diverted by the NSC to the Contras, rebels fighting to overthrow Nicaragua's Sandinista government. The sale of weapons to Iran directly contradicted the U.S. government's forcefully stated policy to refuse to bargain with terrorists or sell arms to Iran, while the diversion of funds to Nicaragua, handled by NSC staff member Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North, directly violated the Boland Amendment, a law passed in 1984 that banned U.S. military aid to the Contras. These illegal activities came to light in November 1986 and immediately caused a public uproar.

The Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (of which Cohen was the ranking member) was one of several standing committees conducting preliminary investigations and issuing reports on these events. In January 1987, Congress established two new Select Committees charged with undertaking a comprehensive investigation of the Iran-contra affair. These were the Senate Select Committee on Secret Military Assistance to Iran and the Nicaraguan Opposition, and the House Select Committee to Investigate Covert Arms Transactions with Iran. Cohen was one of eleven Senators appointed to the Senate Select Committee. The Senate and House Select Committees conducted a joint investigation of the Iran-Contra Affair and held joint public hearings, which extended from May 5 to August 3, 1987. During this time, the Committees heard testimony from 32 witnesses. Cohen was involved with questioning a number of these witnesses.

The records in this subseries consist of Cohen's files related to this investigation. The first five boxes are arranged according to the last names of the witnesses in these hearings, as well as others involved in the investigation. The witness files consist of short biographies, summaries of interviews, memos, statements given to the press, excerpts from previous testimonies given before other committees, and possible questions to be used in the hearings (many of which were suggested by L. Britt Snider, Cohen's staff liaison to the Iran-contra committee.) The published transcripts of these joint hearings and the final report of the committees are also included. Cohen, together with Senator George Mitchell, wrote a book about his experience on this committee: Men of Zeal (Viking Penguin Inc., 1988). Some of Cohen's book material and committee papers are intermingled both in this subseries, and in his book material in the Private Papers series.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2013. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Judiciary Committee, 1979-1996, 18 boxes.

William Cohen was a member of the U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee from 1993-1995, and served on its subcommittees on Juvenile Justice and Courts & Administrative Practice. Records in this subseries reflect not only his work on the Judiciary Committee, but his involvement with other issues related to the Federal judicial process as well. The bulk of the files in this group were created by Kim Corthell, who also worked with Cohen on the Committee on Governmental Affairs. Other staff members who contributed to the files in this group are James Dykstra, David Schanzer, Patricia Bassey, Tracey Carnes, Marshall Kofler, and Steven Higgins.

Files are arranged alphabetically. Subjects under the jurisdiction of the Judiciary Committee which are represented here include anti-trust issues, bankruptcy, court secrecy, qui tam suits (suits initiated by private citizens), civil rights, class action lawsuits, crime, drugs, immigration reform, the North American Free Trade Agreement, religious expression in schools, stalking, terrorism, gun control, and violence (as related to gangs, video games, song lyrics, and against women). The Judiciary Committee also conducts confirmation hearings for Presidential nominations for Supreme Court justices, court of appeals judges, and district court judges, and material related to several confirmation hearings may be found here.

Significant legislation represented in these files includes � A bill sponsored by Cohen in 1992 designed to protect victims of stalking (S. 2922). This legislation became law in the 1993 Commerce, Judiciary, State and Justice Appropriations bill. � The Violence Against Women Acts of 1991 (S. 15) and 1993 (S. 11). Both co-sponsored by Senator Cohen, these bills were designed to combat violent crimes against women on the streets and in the homes. � The Protecting Class Action Plaintiffs Act of 1995 (S. 1501). This was a bill introduced by Cohen to address the growing trend of settlements in class action lawsuits that promote the interests of the plaintiffs' attorneys to a greater extent than the plaintiffs themselves. � The Judiciary Committee also debated aspects of legislation on immigration reform (S. 269, the Immigration Control Act of 1995) and court secrecy (S. 1404, 1994).

Records consist of hearing material (briefing memos to Cohen from his aides, questions Cohen asked witnesses, and statements of Cohen and witnesses), reports on a variety of subjects from Congressional Research Service and other sources, and Cohen's correspondence with colleagues, constituents, and the Department of Justice. There is also a small group of files on women's issues, not all of which were handled by the Judiciary Committee.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Labor, 1986-1995, 7 boxes.

A number of labor-related issues are documented in this series, and they include unemployment (particularly in Maine), extension of unemployment benefits, striker replacement, and attempts to amend and repeal the Davis-Bacon Act. Kelly Metcalf created most of these files, with some contributions from Paulina Collins.

Files are arranged alphabetically. Significant legislation represented here includes: � The 1993 Federal Emergency Unemployment Compensation Extension (EUC) (S. 382), designed to extend unemployment benefits by 20 to 26 weeks. H.R. 920 was passed in lieu of this bill, providing for this extension. � The Striker Replacement bill (S. 55), also introduced in 1993, aimed at prohibiting employers from hiring permanent replacements for striking workers. � The Family and Medical Leave Act, enacted into law in August, 1993, entitled employees to take a certain amount of unpaid time off from their jobs for family and medical reasons. � An unsuccessful attempt to repeal the Davis-Bacon Act was made in 1995 (S. 141). The Davis-Bacon Act, created in the 1930s, requires contractors on federally funded projects over $2,000 to pay locally prevailing wages to workers. � Material related to the controversial nomination of William Gould to the National Labor Relations Board in 1994 may also be found here.

Records consist of memos from Kelly Metcalf and other assistants on a number of labor-related issues, "Dear Colleague" letters, and correspondence with the U.S. Department of Labor, labor organizations, and Maine constituents. Labor-related memos may also be found in the Education subseries.

Access to some of the records in this sub series is restricted until 2016. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Project Files, 1973-1995, 29 boxes.

In addition to assisting Senator Cohen with the formulation of legislation, a number of Cohen staff members were also involved with studies of various legislative, political, economic, or foreign policy issues. These studies were referred to as projects. As projects sometimes lead to legislative action, the distinction between project and legislative work is not always clear. Also, in addition to studies of issues, project files may also include requests from cities, towns, or states for information and assistance in obtaining federal funds or grants. Several case files, which consist of requests from constituents for personal assistance in dealing with federal agencies, are also found in this category. The cases included here are those that have significance beyond the personal circumstances of the individuals involved.

Tom Daffron was Cohen's chief administrative assistant from 1979-1989. In 1979, he organized a Maine Projects Room in Cohen's Washington, D.C. headquarters where a group of staff members familiar with Maine issues worked on projects. The Maine Projects Room lasted about 1 1/2 years. This subseries is comprised of project files created by the group who worked in the Maine Projects Room, as well as by others who worked on later projects. Dale Gerry, Thomas Heyerdahl, Carol Hicks, Kate Lambrew, Sally Lounsbury, Robert Umphrey, and Timothy Woodcock are the creators of the files. The files themselves consist of correspondence between Cohen and various Federal agencies and Maine constituents, Cohen's statements before Senate committees, copies of bills, press releases, newsclippings, reports, and correspondence with attorneys. Each group of files is arranged alphabetically. Project files may also be found in the Housing subseries, and in the Constituent Service series.

Dale Gerry, 1976-1986, 10 boxes The bulk of these records deal with defense-related issues pertaining to Maine. Files on the Loring Air Force base, Maine Maritime Academy, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Brunswick Naval Air Station, and Bath Iron Works may be found here, and they outline specific issues and problems, such as the presence of asbestos at Loring and radiation at Portsmouth.

Thomas Heyerdahl, 1979-1980, 1 box These files concern energy related projects in Maine, such as the Big A Hydro project, the New England Ethanol project, and the establishment of the Pittston Oil Refinery in Eastport.

Carol (Hicks) Woodcock, 1979-1980, 6 boxes Issues important to Maine, such as the spruce budworm epidemic, the poultry industry, petroleum reserves, the State Energy Assistance Plan, and housing projects are documented in this subseries. Files concerning the Civil Aeronautics Board and the Department of Transportation are also included.

Kate Lambrew, 1976-1995, 2 boxes Kate Lambrew worked with Cohen from 1995-1996. These records are concerned solely with a group of Maine residents known as the Round Pond Landowners, and their proposal to have their property deleted from the Acadia National Park boundary established by Public Law 99-420.

Sally Lounsbury, 1973-1995, 6 boxes Files in this category deal with labor issues such as problems with apple growers and foreign labor, the logging industry, and the rights of home workers. In 1981, President Reagan proposed the closure or transfer to local control of the U.S. Public Health Services hospitals and clinics. Martin's Point Clinic in Portland, Maine was transferred, and files concerning this clinic are found here. Files on Nasson College, train service in Maine, and Social Security issues are also included.

Robert Umphrey, 1973-1979, 3 boxes The closing of the Loring Air Force Base in Presque Isle, Maine is the focus of the records in this category, which consist of correspondence, studies of the closing's impact on the economy and environment, and general information. A 1978 letter from President Jimmy Carter to Senator Cohen concerning military base realignments is also in these files.

Timothy Woodcock, 1979, 1 box Export controls on cattle hides, World Trade services, and several individual cases are the topics covered in these files.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Trade, 1977-1996, 25 boxes.

Records in this subseries deal with trade issues particularly as they relate to the Maine footwear, wool, potato, and fishing industries. General small business issues are also documented in this category, as are issues concerning the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), the U.S. Canada Free-Trade Agreement, and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The files are organized into two subdivisions, based on the work of the legislative assistants who created them: a) Robert Umphrey and Robert Porter, 1977-1989, and b) Eben Adams and John Veroneau, 1988-1996.

Robert Umphrey and Robert Porter, 1977-1989, 15 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Robert Umphrey worked with Cohen from 1979-1984 on agriculture, forestry, trade, and fisheries issues. These subject areas were turned over to Robert Porter in 1984, who handled them until 1989.

Records in this group reflect some of the struggles Maine industries have had in competing with subsidized imported goods from Canada and other countries.

In November 1981, Cohen chaired a hearing conducted by the Senate Oversight of Government Management Subcommittee on the impact of U.S.-Canadian trade policies on small American businesses located in border states. Witnesses representing the potato, fishing, wood products, and maple syrup producers presented testimony to this subcommittee, and records related to this hearing are included here.

The footwear industry has long been important in Maine, and records related to a 1984-1985 U.S. International Trade Commission investigation of difficulties experienced by this industry are also present in this category.

For many years, Maine was the leading manufacturer of clothespins in the nation, and problems presented by imported clothespins to this Maine industry are documented here.

Significant legislative initiatives mentioned in these papers are:

The Small Business and Agricultural Trade Remedies Act of 1983 (S. 50). This bill was introduced by Senator Cohen to provide improved access to trade remedies, particularly for small businesses.

The American Footwear Act of 1984 (S. 2731). This bill was introduced by Cohen to impose a global quota on non-rubber footwear imports into the United States.

The Omnibus Trade Act of 1987 (S. 490). Co-sponsored by Cohen, this bill was intended to authorize negotiations of reciprocal trade agreements and to strengthen United States trade laws.

Records include hearing briefs, Cohen's statements, briefing memos, and correspondence from organizations representing the footwear, wool, potato, and other industries.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2010. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

John Veroneau and Eben Adams, 1988-1996, 11 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. John Veroneau handled trade-related issues from 1989 to January, 1994, at which time he became legislative director for the Cohen office. These issues were then turned over to Eben Adams, who worked with Senator Cohen from 1992-1996.

Some of the issues documented in this category are:

The Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). GATT provides an agreed upon set of rules which govern world trade. Since 1947, it has conducted seven negotiating rounds, which reduced the average tariff level worldwide. The Uruguay round, conducted in 1993, required member nations to phase out import tariffs on a wide range of items.

The U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement of 1989. This agreement was designed to resolve many outstanding bilateral trade issues, and to eliminate tariffs on goods traded within ten years of implementation.

The North American Free Trade Agreement of 1993 (NAFTA). The purpose of this agreement was to allow goods and services to be exchanged unimpeded by tariff and non-tariff barriers. It was not supported by Senator Cohen, primarily because it was built on the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement which he felt was being openly violated, especially by a New Brunswick sales tax that was being collected at the Maine border, and Canada's continued practice of subsidizing its industries that compete with Maine industries.

The "Made in USA" policy of the Federal Trade Commission. Senator Cohen felt that, due to changes in the global market, "Made in USA" claims should not be limited to companies whose goods are virtually 100 percent American-made.

Issues related to the import of wool coats into the USA from Eastern Europe. These imports threatened Maine companies such as the Carleton, Cascade, and Eastland Woolen mills.

Anti-dumping issues. This term relates to problems created when foreign companies sell their goods in the United States at prices below the market price, or even below the cost of production.

The Textile, Apparel, and Footwear Trade Act of 1990 (S. 2411). This bill was co-sponsored by Senator Cohen and designed to provide for orderly imports of textiles, apparel, and footwear.

The Department of International Trade and Industry Act of 1987 (S. 330), sponsored by Senators Roth and Cohen. This act was introduced to create a Department of Trade that would combine the U.S. Trade Representative with trade-related functions of the Department of Commerce.

Records include reports, correspondence from Maine organizations and industries, briefing memos, Cohen's statements, and fact sheets on trade issues distributed by the White House press secretary and members of the U.S. Senate.

Access to records in this sub series is restricted until 2017. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Press Relations/Media Activity Records, 1973-1996, 101 boxes.

Cohen's press secretaries and their assistants communicated with Cohen's constituents through newsletters, press releases, weekly columns, specialized mailings, and radio and television broadcasts. Cohen was featured on a weekly radio program for several years, and from 1989-1991 he and Senator George Mitchell had their own monthly television program entitled Washington Perspective. This program provided a timely way for the Senators to talk about their positions on a number of issues, and to receive feedback from their constituents. The press staff was also responsible for maintaining speech files, newspaper clippings, and information on important issues. Audiovisual materials, such as videos of Cohen's appearances on television talk shows and tapes made of his speeches were also maintained by Cohen's press staff are filed under the Audiovisual and Photographs series. The press secretaries in the Cohen Senate office were Thomas Bright (1979), Alan Brewer (1980), Bob Tyrer (1982-1986, with assistants Michele Carpentier, Mary Beth Carozza, Kim Corthell, Donna Saucier, and Debi Griffith), and Kathyrn Gest (1987-1996, with assistants John Siafsky, Douglas Jones, Laura Head, Michael Townsend, and Andy Antrobus). Records in this series are divided into five subseries: a) Administrative press files, b) Columns, releases, radio beepers, d) Issue files, e) Newspaper clippings, and f) Speeches.

Administrative Files, 1979-1995, 2 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Contains memos and correspondence about Cohen's radio and television programs, samples of special mailings to different interest groups, and booklets produced for senior citizens and visitors to Washington. Congressional Record inserts, "Dear Colleague" letters, mass-mail registrations, and transcripts of six interviews Cohen did from 1987-1994 with "Meet the Press" are also included.

Columns, Releases, Radio, 1979-1996, 10 boxes.

This subseries contains weekly columns, press releases, and radio beepers which are interfiled and arranged chronologically by year, and then by month. These communications were faxed or mailed to Maine newspapers, TV stations, and radio stations, and to national news outlets when the news covered was of national interest. They provide information about Cohen's legislative initiatives, his commentaries on world events, announcements of his committee hearings, and other kinds of news of interest to Maine residents. Indexes to the news items for some months are also included.

Issue Files, 1979-1996, 27 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. This subseries consists of information files kept by Cohen's press secretaries on a variety of subjects. Some of the subjects covered are aging, the Campobello Commission, Central America, contra aid, defense, Cohen's accomplishments, blueberries, computers, the environment, violence, gun control, the independent counsel, Indian affairs, trade, and Social Security. Records include press releases, newsclippings, Cohen's floor statements, correspondence, Congressional Research Service reports, opinion/editorial pieces by Cohen which were offered to various newspapers, memos concerning Cohen's television appearances, issue briefs from various federal agencies, and news releases from various Senate committees.

Folder Titles

Box

1 A

Academy Seminars, 1988-1991.

Acadia, 1988-1989.

Acadian Culture Legislation, 1989.

Acid Rain, 1981-1991.

Administrative Dispute, 1995.

Affirmative Action, 1995.

Aging, 1981-1989.

Aging, 1986-1987.

Agriculture, 1990-1994.

Air Transportation, 1987-1993.

Jack Anderson, 1989.

Aroostook county, 1988.

Army Corps of Engineers, 1988-1991.

Asia Trips, 1994.

AWACS Vote, 1981.

Box

2 B-Br

Berlin Wall, 1986.

Balanced Budget, 1992-1995.

Bangor Airport, 1986-1988.

Baseball Anti-trust, 1993-1994.

Bath Iron Works, 1982-1995.

Betaseron, 1993.

Blueberries, 1984-1993.

Bogus Airparts, 1995.

Boat Luxury Tax, 1993.

Bosnia, 1992-1995.

Boston Artery Project, 1994.

Brody Judgeship, 1990.

Box

3 Br-CA

Brody Judgeship, 1991.

Box

3 Br-Ca

Brunswick Naval Air Station, 1994.

Breye Nomination, 1994.

Budget/Bipartisan Plan, 1993.

Federal Budget, 1988.

Maine Budget, 1991.

Reconciliation Budget, 1993.

Budget-Stimulus Package, 1993.

Byrd's History of Line-Item Veto, 1993.

Speckled Caribou, 1987-1990.

Clothespins, 1982.

David Cheever, 1984-1985.

Challenger, 1986.

Cable TV Town Meeting, 1986.

Campaign Spending, 1987-1994.

Campobello Commission, 1986-1989.

Casework by State Offices, 1994.

Campaign of 1990, 1990.

Box

4 Ca-Ce

Campaign of 1990, 1990.

Neil Rode, 1990.

Campaign 1990 Clippings, 1990.

Canadian Border Issues, 1994.

Caribou Weather Station, 1990-1994.

Carleton Bridge Openings, 1989.

Central America, 1983-1990.

Box

5 Ce-Co

Central Artery, 1995.

Child Care, 1989-1991.

China, 1989.

Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act, 1993.

Clinton Promises, 1993.

Coast Guard, 1982-1989.

Cohen Miscellaneous, 1974-1991.

Civil Fraud Bill, 1985-1986.

Cohen Newsclips, 1990-1992.

Competition in Contracting Act, 1985-1986.

Competition in Contracting, 1982-1991.

Box

6 Com-Con

Computer Marketing, 1982-1990.

Computers, 1995.

Company Closings, 1994.

Concessions, 1994.

Congress and Presidency, 1989.

Congress-Term Limits, 1979-1991.

Congressional Reform, 1993.

Consumer, 1992-1994.

Constitutional Bicentennial, 1986-1987.

Box

7 Con-Def

Contra Aid, 1984-1987.

Contract With America, 1994.

Counterintelligence, 1990.

Courts, 1990.

Criminal Aliens, 1993.

Cutler Naval Computer, 1992.

Tom Daffron, 1994-1995.

Peter Dawkins, 1988.

Peter Dawkins, 1983.

Defense Appropriations, 1987-1994.

Defense-Arms Control, 1983-1984.

Defense-Arms Control, 1986-1988.

Defense-USS Augusta, 1985.

Bangor DFAS Center, 1993.

Base Closings, 1993.

Box

8 Def B2-Def Gr.

Defense, 1988-1993.

Box

9 Def Int-Def

Defense, 1988-1995.

Box

10 Di-Ed

William Dickinson, 1987.

Disability, 1983-1992.

Disinformation, 1986.

District of Columbia, 1992-1995.

D'Oench Dhume, 1995.

Drugs, 1989-1991.

Duck Stamp Program, 1988.

EDA, 1994.

Education, 1994.

Education, 1986-1991.

Education-Pell Grant Fund, 1993.

Box

11 En-Fi

Dept. of Energy, 1993-1994.

Elections in Maine, 1997.

Energy, 1991-1993.

Environment, 1990.

Environment, 1991.

Environment, 1987-1991.

Environment, 1988-1991.

Environment, 1988-1990.

Environment, 1987-1990.

Environment, 1987-1991.

Equal Rights Amendment, 1988-1989.

Expedited Recession, 1993.

Family Violence, 1994.

Farmers Home Administration, 1989-1991.

Federal Buildings, 1994-1995.

FDIC Mismanagement, 1993.

Federal Property Management, 1993.

Federal Service Commission, 1990.

Fiber Materials, 1990.

Box

12 Fi-Gu

Filibusters, 1994.

Fishing, 1981-1993.

Fishing, 1990-1994.

Fishing, 1982-1986.

Fishing, 1988-1990.

Fishing, 1989-1990.

Flag burning, 1986-1990.

Foreign Affairs, 1990.

Forest Products, 1991.

Fort Fairfield Flooding, 1994.

Fort Fairfield Review, 1988.

France, 1994.

Franking Privileges, 1990.

Gates Nomination, 1987-1991.

Gay Issues, n.d..

Germany, 1993.

G.I. Bill, 1985-1987.

Gignoux Courthouse, 1981-1990.

Government Ethics, 1982-1988.

Government Reform, 1995.

Grant Announcements, 1981.

Ida May Green thank you letter, 1987.

Ground Transportation, 1989-1991.

Gun Control, 1989-1991.

Box

13 Ha-In

Haiti, 1994.

Hatch Act, 1990-1993.

Health, 1987-1988.

Highway Bill, 1987-1991.

Hill Brothers Shoes, 1991-1992.

Homosexual Rights, 1993.

Honoraria, 1988-1990.

Housing, 1986.

Housing and Urban Dev., 1994.

Hurry-Up Spending, 1980-1983.

Illiteracy, 1989-1991.

Independent Counsel, 1993-1994.

Indian Affairs, 1994.

Information Technology Management Reform Act, 1995.

Box

14 Ir

Iran Contra, n.d..

Iran Contra II, n.d..

Iran Contra III, n.d..

Box

15 Iran-Iraq

Iran Contra Intelligence, 1987-1991.

Iran Contra, Maine, 1987.

Iran Contra news clippings, 1987.

Iran Contra, recent, 1994.

Iran Contra Senate Intelligence Report, 1986-1987.

Iran Contra Tower Report, 1986-1987.

Iran Contra Webster Nomination, 1987.

Iran-Iraq War, 1987-1988.

Iraqi War, 1990-1991.

Box

16 Iraqi

Iraqi War, 1990-1991.

Israel, 1989-1991.

Defections, 1987.

FBI and CISPES, 1988.

Marines, 1987.

Oversight Bill, 1987-1988.

Soviet-UN, 1985-1987.

U.S. Embassy in Moscow, 1987.

Yurchenko, 1985.

Box

17 Ja-Lo

Jackson Lab, 1989-1990.

Job Corps, 1994.

Judiciary, 1994.

Juvenile Justice, n.d..

Rap Music, 1994.

Crime Bill, 1994.

Judiciary Committee, 1994.

Video Games, 1994.

Memos and Hearings, 1994.

Kuwait Work, 1991.

Kickbacks, 1985-1986.

Kennebunk Reimbursement, 1989-1990.

International Paper Strike, 1988.

General Labor, 1989-1993.

Letters to the Editor re: Cohen, 1988-1989.

Libya Chemical Plant, 1989.

Arthur Liman, 1989.

Lincoln Dam School, 1983-1986.

Low Income Energy Assistance, 1992-1993.

Plant Closing, 1988.

Loring Air Force Base, 1991.

Box

18 Lo-Li

Loring Air Force Base, 1991.

Lobbying Disclosure, 1993.

Loring Reuse, 1993-1994.

Lighthouses, 1988-1990.

Box

19 Ma-Mo

Machias Seal Island, 1984.

Maine Background, 1986-1988.

Maine Budget Shortfall, 1987.

Maine Flooding, 1987-1991.

Maine Judges, 1989.

Henry Mert, 1988.

Maritime Heritage Act, 1993-1994.

Medical Research, 1995.

Miscellaneous, 1993-1995.

Maine Ku Klux Klan, 1987.

Maine Growth, 1989-1991.

Maine People, 1990-1991.

Members of Congress, 1989.

Minimum Wage, 1989.

Mount Blue Band, 1988.

Box

20 Ne-Po

New Zealand, 1985.

Northern Forest Lands, 1991.

Nuclear Waste High Level, 1986.

Nuclear, Maine Yankee, 1987-1991.

NAFTA, 1993.

National Performance Review, 1993.

National Service, 1993.

NATO, 1994.

Northeast Dairy Compact, 1994.

North Korea, 1994.

Ted O'Meara, 1990.

Packwood Diaries, 1993.

Panama, 1989.

Paper Industry, 1993-1994.

Pease Air Force Base, 1990-1991.

Pork Projects, 1993.

Portsmouth Dredging, 1989-1991.

Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, 1986-1995.

Box

21 Po-Pr

Potatoes, 1990-1991.

Preview of 104th Congress, 1994.

Provential Sales Tax, 1993-1994.

Persian Gulf, 1981-1991.

Prompt Payments, 1987-1990.

POW-MIA, 1982-1987.

Potatoes, 1986-1991.

Postal Service, 1989.

Philippine Bases, 1986-1987.

Pension Reform, 1986.

Presidential Election, 1988.

Box

22 Qu-St

Dan Qualye, n.d..

Radiation Experiments, 1986.

Radon, 1985-1991.

Railroads, 1986-1990.

Random to Save, 1995.

Reagan, 1980.

Recoll Management Corporation, 1991-1992.

Regulatory Reform, 1995.

Regulatory Reform, 1992.

Elimination Reports, 1985.

Republican Majority Commission, 1992.

Republican Moderates, 1992.

Republican Party, 1992.

Rufuseniks, 1989-1990.

Saco Defense, 1988-1991.

St. John Valley Walk, 1991.

Samantha Smith Foundation, 1983-1986.

Sears Island Cargo, 1989-1993.

Small Business in Maine, 1994.

Margaret Chase-Smith, 1986-1994.

Adlai Stevenson, 1952-1954.

Box

23 So-St

Social Security, 1994.

Social Security Background, 1994.

Space Station, 1994.

Spies, 1985-1995.

Stalking Bill, 1992.

Anthony Stout, 1992-1994.

Striker Replacement, 1994.

Box

24 Su-Tr

Supreme Court Nomination, 1989.

Bush and Reagan State of the Union, 1987-1991.

South Africa, 1986-1987.

Synfuels Oversight, 1983-1984.

Cohen Sports, 1984-1992.

Savings and Loan Fraud Bill, 1990.

Secrecy Leaks, 1987-1988.

Samantha Smith, 1987-1991.

Soviet Film Festival, 1986.

Trade Adjustment Assistance, 1986.

Trade Zone, 1991.

Trade Bill, 1988.

Trade, eggs, 1986-1987.

Box

25 Tra-Try

Lumber Trade, 1985-1986.

Protection Trade, 1987.

Textile Trade, 1985-1988.

John Tower, 1989-1991.

Trilateral Commission, 1977-1978.

Cohen T.V. Guide Article, 1987.

Terrorism, 1984-1989.

Taxes, 1986-1993.

Tributyltin, 1985-1988.

Box

26 Te-Vi

Technology Reinvestment, 1994.

Telecommunications, 1995.

Television Violence, 1993.

Term Limits, 1994.

Terrorism, 1995.

Clarence Thomas, 1991.

Canada Trade, 1989.

Trade Conference, 1992-1994.

Travel Filing, 1989.

U.S.-Russian Trade Center, 1993.

U.S.-Soviet Relations, 1984-1991.

Veterans, 1983-1994.

Veterans, 1983-1987.

Veterans, 1985-1989.

Veterans, 1985-1986.

Violence Against Women, 1990-1992.

Violence Against Women, 1993-1994.

Violence Against Women, 1993.

Box

27 Wa

"The Washington Perspective", 1989-1991.

Watergate, 1994.

Welfare Reform, 1987-1994.

Wells Beach, 1989.

Wetlands, 1993.

Weather Service Office, 1983-1989.

Wedtech, 1987-1988.

Welfare, 1987.

Whistle-Blowers, 1986-1989.

Whistle-Blowers, 1993-1994.

Whitewater, 1994.

Winter Harbor, 1995.

Women, 1988-1993.

Writers, 1985-1986.

WSC events and visits, 1987-1989.

Newsclippings, 1973-1996, 52 boxes.

Arranged chronologically by year, and then by month. From 1979-1985, articles about Cohen that appeared in Maine newspapers and some national publications were collected and systematically maintained by Cohen's press secretaries and their assistants. During 1979 and from 1983-1985, daily summaries of these news items were also compiled and filed with the clippings. Some of the newspapers represented are Bangor Daily News, Portland Press Herald, Brunswick Times-Record, Lewiston Daily Sun, and Kennebec Journal. Some of the national publications included are the New York Times, Business Week, and the Wall St. Journal. Most of the clippings mention either Cohen, his colleagues, his campaign opponents, or Maine state representatives. After 1985, news items were collected less consistently due to their availability in electronic formats. Some clippings about Cohen from 1985-1996 are included in this series, as are magazine articles and bound copies of news articles about him and editorials written by him from 1973-1996.

Speech Files, 1979-1996, 11 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically by subject. This subseries contains speeches, many of them handwritten or annotated, given by Cohen at events such as commencements, dedications of buildings, Senate hearings, and testimonial dinners. Some of the subjects covered are defense, health, education, and the economy, and there are also files on individuals such as Margaret Chase Smith, Robert Dole, and John Tower (nominated as Secretary of Defense in 1989). Some files span ten to fifteen years. For example, a file on Margaret Chase Smith contains drafts of speeches Cohen gave at events such as the dedication of the Margaret Chase Smith building in Bangor in 1984, Smith's ninetieth birthday celebration in 1987, and her memorial service in 1995. Speeches given by others, apparently used by Cohen for reference purposes, are also included in these files.

It should be noted that these speech files are not comprehensive; many of Cohen's statements and speeches may be found throughout his papers.

Box

1 A-B

Drafts of Speeches, n.d..

Senate Acceptance Speech, 1984.

Aerospace Industry, 1980.

AFL-CIO, 1984.

Aging, 1991-1995.

Agriculture, 1995.

American Legion, 1995.

American Logistics Institution, 1981.

American Paper Industry, n.d..

American Paper Institute, 1981.

Anti-Defamation, 1979-1986.

Arms Control, 1983-1989.

Astronautics, 1980.

Athletics, 1981-1990.

Arts and Humanities, 1979-1983.

WSC Awards, 1995.

Babson College, n.d..

Howard Baker, 1987.

Howard Baker, 1979.

Box

2 B

Bangor Historical, 1991.

Bawks S and L's, 1990-1991.

BIW, 1979-1995.

Blessing of the Fleet, 1982-1987.

Blue Knights, 1994.

Books and Poetry, 1991.

Bowdoin Award, 1989-1995.

Ron Brown, 1996.

Budget, 1990.

Intro to V.P. Bush, 1986.

Box

3 B-D

Bush-Quayle, n.d..

Campaign, 1996.

Susan Curtis, n.d..

Gene Carter, n.d..

Child Immunization, n.d..

China, 1989-90.

Choate, n.d..

CIA, 1995.

City Commissioners, n.d..

Civil Rights, 1979-1995.

Civility in the Senate, 1995.

Coast Gaurd, 1989.

Rueben Cohen, 1995.

Communications, 1981-1985.

Comprehensive Health Care Act of 1990, 1990.

Congress vs. President, n.d..

Consumer Protection, 1992.

GE Contractors, 1985-1987.

County Commisioners, 1984.

Covert Bill, 1993.

Credit Union League, 1988.

Deficits, 1985.

Handicapped, 1986.

Drugs, 1985-1993.

Peter Dawkins, 1978-1984.

Dedications, 1983-1993.

Box

4 D-E

D'Oench, 1995.

Bob Dole, 1995-1996.

Paul Duke, n.d..

Eagle Scouts, n.d..

Economy, 1980-1993.

Education, 1979-1990.

Eisenhower Essay, 1996.

Elderly, 1982-1992.

Elderly, 1978-1991.

Energy, 1979-1992.

Box

5 E-G

Environment, 1980-1990.

FAA Air Safety, 1992-1996.

Fisheries, 1981-1992.

International Trade Commision, 1984.

Franco-American Festival, 1989.

Bob Gates, 1987.

General Notes, 1981-1991.

General Notes, 1985.

General Notes, 1984.

Germany, n.d..

Ruth Baden, 1993.

Goldwater, 1986-1988.

GOP Radio Address, 1994.

Box

6 G-H

Government, 1981-1994.

Government Oversight, 1993.

Grace Commission, 1985.

Haiti, n.d..

Hart, 1979-1987.

Health, 1984-1995.

Box

7 H-M

Holidays and Special Days, 1990.

Holilngs Story, n.d..

Housing, 1981-1985.

Husson College, 1984.

Indian Affairs, 1980-1981.

I.R.S., 1993.

Iran-Contra, 1987.

Israel, n.d..

Japan, 1989.

JFK Files, n.d..

Henry Kissinger, 1979-1982.

Labor, 1988-1992.

Law Enforcement, 1987-1992.

Sugar Ray Leonard, 1981.

Legal Reform, 1995.

Lincoln Day Republicans, 1978-1994.

Line-Item Veto, n.d..

Lobby Reform, 1994.

Loring AFB, 1985-1991.

University of Maine Hockey, 1993.

University of Maine Law Albums, 1990-1994.

Lippman, n.d..

Maine, 1993-1994.

Maine Press Association, 1987.

Marriot in Portland, 1988.

Box

8 M

Maine Republicans, 1984-1994.

John McCain, 1988.

Maine Bar Association, n.d..

Medical Testing, n.d..

Memorial Day Background, 1973-1981.

Miscellaneous Addresses, 1993-1995.

G.J. Mitchell, 1995.

Moderate Republicans, 1987-1991.

Muscular Dystrophy, 1987.

Muskie, 1994-1996.

Military procurement for CBS interview, n.d..

Muskie, 1980.

Muskie, 1979.

MX, 1985.

Box

9 N-S

Naval Power, n.d..

New Zealand, 1985.

Nicaragua, 1983-1985.

Nominations, 1990.

Ambassador Norris, 1988.

Nuclear, 1984-1992.

Nuclear Arms, n.d..

Nuclear Winter, 1984.

Notes for various speeches, n.d..

Packwood, 1985.

Pac-man and Picasso, 1983.

Payson Museum, 1983.

Pensions, 1985.

Phillipines, 1986.

Portsmouth Shipyard, 1995.

Possible Topics, 1988-1989.

Public Relations Journal, 1980.

Product Liability, 1994.

Public Broadcasting, 1996.

Random Scrawls, 1995.

Dan Rather, 1981-1989.

Ronald Reagan, 1984-1987.

Redskin MVP, 1981.

Registered Reform, 1995.

Republicans, 1980-1994.

Retirement From Senate, 1996.

Roasts, 1979-1987.

Roasts and Jokes, n.d..

University of Rochester, 1988.

Rockhurst Collection, 1988.

Rudman, 1986.

Rural Housing, 1985.

Salt II, 1979-1985.

Ship Commission, 1984.

Shoes, 1984-1990.

S and L Scandal, 1993.

Cohen Statements, 1992.

Box

10 S-T

Small Business, 1988.

Small Business, 1985.

Margaret Smith, 1984-1985.

Social Security, 1984-1991.

Special Operations, 1986.

Speeches by others, 1950-1996.

Stonecutter, n.d..

Taiwan, n.d..

Terrorism, 1986.

Torch of Liberty Award, 1980.

John Tower, 1982-1995.

John Tower nomination, n.d..

Box

11 T-Z

Trade, 1985-1995.

Transportation, 1982-1991.

Tree of Life, n.d..

TV Coverage, 1984.

Unfunded Mandates, 1994-1995.

Unemployment, 1983-1993.

Umaine DPC Dedication, 1993.

USA, n.d..

US-USSR Relations, 1979-1995.

University of Maine, 1996.

Veterans, 1979-1994.

Volunteerism, 1989-1993.

Waldo County Hospital, n.d..

Waste Dump, 1986-1991.

Waterville Centennial, 1988.

West Palm, 1984.

Women, 1981-1991.

Writer's Conference, n.d..

Olga Zhondetskaya, 1993-1994.

Website, 1996.

Extant version of Senator Cohen website, 1996, 1 3.5 disk.

Web page: Senator William S. Cohen, Career Highlights, 02 Jan 1997, 1 page.

Includes the following sections: Watergate, Iran-Contra & Ethics, A Force for Moderation, Expertise on Defense, Intelligence and Foreign Affairs, Service to Seniors, Making Government Work Better, Promoting Maine Abroad, Working for Maine People, Author, Poet

Website: Senator William S. Cohen 1996 home page, 02 Jan 1997, 1 page.

Web page: Biography of Senator William S. Cohen, 02 Jan 1997, 1 page.

Includes the following sections: Background, Public Life, Senate Assignments, Awards, and Interests.

Web page: How to Reach Senator Cohen, 02 Jan 1997, 1 page.

Offers ways to reach Sen. Cohen in Maine and Washington D.C. In Maine, Senator Cohen could be reached at offices in: Augusta, Bangor, Biddeford, Lewiston, Portland, and Presque Isle. In Washington D.C. at: Hart Senate Office Building.

Web page: Statement of Senator William S. Cohen, 02 Jan 1997, 1 page.

Statement made on January 16, 1996 in City Council Chambers- Bangor, Maine saying that he would not be running for re-election. Senator Cohen thanked the people of Maine and his family for all of their support.

Office Administration Records, 1979-1996, 5 boxes.

Arranged alphabetically. Thomas Daffron was the chief administrative officer in the Cohen Senate office from 1979-1989, and Robert Tyrer held this position from 1989-1996. They were responsible for overseeing all the activities in the office, including all personnel decisions and the formulation of office policies. Records in this series contain administrative memos and correspondence, intern manuals and applications, office expense account statements, staff biographies, a William S. Cohen State Office Guidebook (1995) and background information files (which consist primarily of newsclippings), on well-known politicians and political figures. Drafts of some of Cohen's speeches may also be found in this series.

Access to the records in the Office Administration Records series is restricted until 2022. Consult the Special Collections Department for further information.

Return to the Table of Contents

Audiovisual Materials, 1972-2001, 73 boxes and 63 reels.

Records in this group encompass Cohen's

Fogler Library Finding Aids

William S. Cohen Papers

Finding Aid

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Restrictions on Access

Restrictions on Use

MS 106.1 Private Papers, 1956-1996, 33 boxes.

MS 106.2 U.S. House of Representatives, 1972-1980, 211 boxes.

U.S. Senate, 1973-1996, 773 .5 cu. ft boxes and 388 1.5 cu. ft. boxes.

Audiovisual Materials, 1972-2001, 73 boxes and 63 reels.